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July 01 | Source Term | Target Term | Product | Version | Definition (concept) | | Helsinki | 赫尔辛基 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Finland. | | Herero | 赫雷罗语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Namibia. | | heterogeneous selection | 异类选择 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A selection that includes objects of different types or with different properties. | | heuristic | 启发式 | Windows Presentation Foundation | | An approach or algorithm that leads to a correct solution of a programming task by non-rigorous or self-learning means. One approach to programming is first to develop a heuristic and then to improve on it. | | HFNETCHK | HFNETCHK | Core Terminology | | A command-line tool that enables an administrator to check the patch status of all Microsoft® Windows NT® 4.0, Windows 2000, and Windows XP computers on a network from a central location. | | hibernation | 休眠 | Windows | XP | A power-saving feature that saves everything in memory on disk, turns off your monitor and hard disk, and then turns off your computer. When you restart your computer, your desktop is restored exactly as you left it. | | hibernation file | 休眠文件 | Windows | Vista, XP | A file created during hibernation that contains all CPU memory and registers information. | | Hibernation File Cleaner | 休眠文件清理器 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A feature that allows deletion of the files created during hibernation. | | Hidden field | 隐藏域 | FrontPage | XP | A form field that is invisible to a site visitor but supplies data to a form handler. When a form is submitted, hidden fields are passed to the form handler along with name-value pairs for each visible form field. | | hidden partition | 隐藏分区 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | A partition that is not visibly exposed to the user. To create a hidden partition, set the partition type to one not recognized by Windows. | | hidden text | 隐藏文字 | Office| Word | 2003 | Text that does not display in the normal view of a document's content. | | hierarchical menu | 分层菜单 | Windows Server 2003| Office| Windows| Language Interface Pack | R2 | A menu that appears when a user points to a command on a higher-level menu. | | hierarchical namespace | 分层命名空间 | Windows | | A namespace, such as the DNS namespace or Active Directory namespace, that is hierarchically structured and provides rules that allow the namespace to be partitioned. | | high availability | 高可用性 | SQL Server | Yukon | Describes a resource that remains operational and usable by clients most of the time with a very low percentage of failures that interrupt service. | | High Contrast | 高对比度 | Office| Tablet PC| PowerPoint | XP, 2003 | An accessibility setting that changes the appearance of displayed items on your screen by enlarging windows, toolbar buttons, and fonts, and displaying them in black and white. | | High Definition Compatible Digital | HDCD(高解析度兼容数码技术) | Windows Media Player| Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | A patented encode/decode process that improves the quality of all forms of digital audio recording and playback by increasing resolution and reducing distortion that occurs during analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion, digital pro | | High Definition Television | 高清晰度电视 | Windows | Vista | A type of television that provides much higher resolution, sharpness, sound quality, and picture quality than traditional televisions. HDTVs can usually be used as computer monitors. | | high performance file system | 高性能文件系统 | Core Terminology | | A fixed-disk file system that organizes the disk into volumes, rather than partitions and logical drives. HPFS supports long, mixed-case filenames and extended attributes, and implements several levels of caching, for improved operating-system performance. The IBM OS/2 operating system supports HPFS. | | high priority update | 高优先级更新 | Windows Server Update Services| Windows | Longhorn, 5, Vista | A classification used on the Windows Update web site and by the Windows Update Service to recommend Microsoft software updates and drivers that help protect against the latest publicly known security threats and reliability issues. All software updates and drivers that can be installed by turning on Automatic Updates on your computer are classified as high priority. These can also be installed by visiting the Windows Update web site. | | high-density multichip interconnect | 高密度多芯片互连 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A digital interface specification for delivering digital content and connecting consumer electronic devices. | | highlight | 突出显示 | Language Interface Pack | | To emphasize displayed characters, as by displaying them in reverse video (light on dark rather than dark on light, and vice versa) or against a colored background. | | highlighter | 荧光笔 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A tablet pen mode that enables you to apply transparent ink. | | highlighter setting | 荧光笔设置 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A setting that you can use to change the appearance of highlighter ink. | | Highlighter Settings | 荧光笔设置 | Windows | Vista | A tab on the Pen and Highlighter Settings dialog box in Tablet PC that allows user to pick the color, width, and tip style of the highlighter tool. | | Highlighter tool | 荧光笔工具 | Live Meeting| Windows | Longhorn, Vista | An Annotation tool used to highlight an area on a slide. | | high-low lines | 高低点连线 | Office| Excel | XP | In 2-D line charts, lines that extend from the highest to the lowest value in each category. High-low lines are often used in stock charts. | | HighMAT | HighMAT | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A recording format that can store audio, video, and pictures on a CD or DVD. HighMat discs play on any Windows computer and on some DVD players. | | high-performance file system | 高性能文件系统 | Core Terminology | | A fixed-disk file system that organizes the disk into volumes, rather than partitions and logical drives. HPFS supports long, mixed-case filenames and extended attributes, and implements several levels of caching, for improved operating-system performance. The IBM OS/2 operating system supports HPFS. | | High-Performance Media Access Technology | 高性能媒体访问控件 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A recording format that can store audio, video, and pictures on a CD or DVD. HighMat discs play on any Windows computer and on some DVD players. | | High-Performance Media Access Technology | 高性能媒体访问技术 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A recording format that can store audio, video, and pictures on a CD or DVD. HighMat discs play on any Windows computer and on some DVD players. | | Hiligaynon | 希利盖农语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in the Philippines. | | Hindi | 印地语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in India. | | HIPAA | HIPAA | Non Specific| Exchange Server | | A US federal law that provides rights and protections for participants and beneficiaries in group health plans. | | HIPAA Privacy Rule | HIPAA 隐私标准 | Exchange Server | | A rule issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to implement the privacy requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), a federal law that provides rights and protections for participants and beneficiaries in group health plans. The rule establishes national standards for the protection of certain health information, including standards addressing the use and disclosure of individuals’ health information and standards for individuals' privacy rights to understand and control how their health information is used. | | Hip-Hop | 嬉哈 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 7. | | histogram | 直方图 | Core Terminology | | A chart consisting of horizontal or vertical bars, the widths or heights of which represent the values of certain data. | | history | 历史记录 | SQL Server | Yukon | A list of the user's actions within a program, such as commands entered in an operating system shell, menus passed through using Gopher, or links followed using a Web browser. | | History list | 历史记录列表 | Office| Outlook | XP | A list of the last 10 files you jumped to in the current program session using hyperlinks. | | History worksheet | 冲突日志工作表 | Office| Excel | XP, 2003 | A separate worksheet that lists changes being tracked in a shared workbook, including the name of the person who made the change, when and where it was made, what data was deleted or replaced, and how conflicts were resolved. | | hit | 命中 | Language Interface Pack | | A successful retrieval of a record matching a query. | | hit | 命中 | Visual Studio Team System | | A line of code executed by a test. | | hit | 点击 | Core Terminology | | Retrieval of a file from a Web site. Each separate file accessed on a Web page, including html documents and graphics, counts as a hit. | | hit test | 点击测试 | Windows Presentation Foundation | | A comparison of the mouse position with on-screen geometry. Commonly used to detect whether the mouse has been clicked over on-screen geometry. | | hive | 配置单元 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A file in which the system stores a portion of the registry (named for their resemblance to the cellular structure of a beehive). A hive is backed by a single file and a .log file, which are in either the systemroot\System32\Config folder or the systemroot\Profiles\username folder. | | h-node | h 节点 | Windows | | A NetBIOS node type that uses a hybrid of b-node and p-node to register and resolve NetBIOS names to IP addresses. An h-node computer uses a server query first and reverts to broadcasts only if direct queries fail. | | hold | 保留 | Microsoft Business Solutions-Great Plains | | A restriction that prevents a document from being posted or transactions from being entered for a specified record. | | Hold | 保持 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A button on Phone Controls that places the current phone call on hold. | | hold down | 按住 | Windows Server 2003| Language Interface Pack | R2 | To continue to press a keyboard key or mouse button. | | holding cell | holding cell | Windows | Vista | In the FreeCell game, the four card locations in the upper-left corner of the screen. Each cell holds one card. | | Home | 主文件夹 | SQL Server | Yukon | Root folder in report server folder namespace. | | Home | 家 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | An item that appears on the Call Forwarding On menu, which appears on the My Status menu. When the user selects Home, Communicator automatically forwards incoming calls to the number the user has published for his home phone. | | home directory | 主目录 | Core Terminology | | The root directory for a Web site, where the content files are stored. In (IIS), the home directory and all its subdirectories are available to users by default. Also, the root directory for an IIS service. Typically, the home directory for a site contains the home page. | | home folder | 主文件夹 | Windows | XP | A folder (usually on a file server) that administrators can assign to individual users or groups. Administrators use home folders to consolidate user files onto specific file servers for easy backup. Home folders are used by some programs as the default folder for the Open and Save As dialog boxes. | | home network | 家庭网络 | Core Terminology | | Home devices that are connected together. A home network consists of a home computer or home server that controls other (non-computer) devices such as lighting, media services, appliances, etc. A home network can include a home computer network. | | home page | 主页 | Office Live| Windows| Office| MSN| Language Interface Pack | 1.0 , Vista | A document that serves as a starting point in a hypertext system. On the World Wide Web, an entry page for a set of Web pages and other files in a Web site. The home page is displayed by default when a visitor navigates to the site using a Web browser. | | Home Phone | 住宅电话 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A button in the Options dialog box, on the Personal tab, that the user clicks to enter his home phone number. | | home server | 主服务器 | Exchange | | The Exchange server that contains a user's mailbox. | | homepage | 主页 | Office Live| Windows| Office| MSN| Language Interface Pack | 1.0 , Vista | A document that serves as a starting point in a hypertext system. On the World Wide Web, an entry page for a set of Web pages and other files in a Web site. The home page is displayed by default when a visitor navigates to the site using a Web browser. | | homepage | 主页 | Office Live| Windows| Office| MSN| Language Interface Pack | 1.0 , Vista | A document that serves as a starting point in a hypertext system. On the World Wide Web, an entry page for a set of Web pages and other files in a Web site. The home page is displayed by default when a visitor navigates to the site using a Web browser. | | homogeneous selection | 同类选择 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A selection that includes objects of the same type or with the same properties. | | Honduras | 洪都拉斯 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Hong Kong | 香港 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Hong Kong SAR. | | Hong Kong SAR | 香港特别行政区 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 香港特别行政区 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Honiara | 霍尼亚拉 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Solomon Islands. | | Horizontal Line | 横线 | Office| Word | XP | Inserts a horizontal line onto a Web page. Microsoft Word inserts the same line style as the one you last inserted. | | horizontal offset | 水平偏移 | Windows Presentation Foundation | | The distance, in device independent pixels, that the viewport has been scrolled from its left side. | | horizontal ruler | 水平标尺 | Office| Word | XP | A bar marked off in units of measure (such as inches) that is displayed across the top of the document window. | | Horror | 恐怖 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by the Computer Entertainment Rating Organization (CERO). | | Horror | 恐怖 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by the Computer Entertainment Rating Organization (CERO). | | host | 主机 | Windows| Microsoft Business Solutions CRM| Office| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn;3.0, Vista | A computer that acts as a source of information or signals. The host computer provides services, such as news, mail, or data, to computers that connect to it. The term can refer to almost any kind of computer, from a centralized mainframe that is a host to its terminals, to a server that is host to its clients, to a desktop PC that is host to its devices, such as printers and scanners. | | host computer | 主计算机 | Core Terminology | | A server computer that has access to other computers on the network. A host computer provides services such as news, mail, or data to computers that connect to it on a network. | | Host key | 主机键 | Virtual PC| Virtual Server | | The key (right ALT key by default) that must be pressed with Virtual Server to move keyboard and mouse focus from a guest operating system back to the host operating system. | | host name | 主机名 | Windows | XP | The DNS name of a device on a network. These names are used to locate computers on the network. To find another computer, its host name must either appear in the Hosts file or be known by a DNS server. For most Windows-based computers, the host name and the computer name are the same. | | host operating system | 主机操作系统 | Virtual PC| Virtual Server | | The operating system of the physical computer running the Virtual Server or Virtual PC software. | | host priority | 主机优先级 | Windows | XP | For Network Load Balancing, a host's precedence for handling default network traffic for TCP and UDP ports. It is used if a host within the cluster goes offline, and it determines which host within the cluster will assume responsibility for the traffic previously handled by the offline host. | | host type | 主机类型 | BizTalk Server | | A property that determines whether the host is controlled within or outside of the BizTalk Server process. Host types are In-process or Isolated. | | Hot | 很感兴趣 | Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | | An option on the Ratings drop-down list on the General tab that indicates that a lead or opportunity has high interest. | | hot docking | 热插接 | Windows | XP | The process of attaching a laptop computer to a docking station while the computer is running, and automatically activating the docking station's video display and other functions. | | hot insertion | 热插入 | Core Terminology | | The insertion of a device or card while there is power to the system. Many newer laptops allow for hot insertion of PCMCIA cards. High-end servers may also allow hot insertion to reduce downtimes. | | hot plugging | 热插入 | Core Terminology | | A feature that allows equipment to be connected to an active device, such as a computer, while the device is powered on. | | hot spot | 热点 | Core Terminology | | The position in a mouse pointer, such as the position at the tip of an arrow or the intersection of the lines in a cross, that marks the exact location that will be affected by a mouse action, such as a button press. | | hot swapping | 热交换 | Core Terminology | | A feature that allows equipment to be connected to an active device, such as a computer, while the device is powered on. | | hot zone | 热点区域 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | The interaction area of a particular object or location with which a pointer or pointing device’s hot spot must come in contact. | | hotfix | 修补程序 | Windows| Microsoft Business Solutions-Axapta | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A single, cumulative package composed of one or more files used to address a problem in a product. Hotfixes address a specific customer situation and may not be distributed outside the customer organization. | | hotfix package | 修补程序包 | Windows| Microsoft Business Solutions-Axapta | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A single, cumulative package composed of one or more files used to address a problem in a product. Hotfixes address a specific customer situation and may not be distributed outside the customer organization. | | hotlist | 热表 | Core Terminology | | A list of frequently accessed items, such as Web pages in a Web browser, from which the user can select one. | | House | 浩室音乐 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 35. | | House | 浩室音乐 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 35. | | hover | 软键盘 | Tablet PC| Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | To hold the tablet pen above the screen, keeping the pointer in the same location, or briefly rest the mouse pointer on a button, link, or other UI element. | | hover | 悬停 | Tablet PC| Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | To hold the tablet pen above the screen, keeping the pointer in the same location, or briefly rest the mouse pointer on a button, link, or other UI element. | | hover selection | 悬停选择 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A selection technique designed to optimize selection and activation of an object. Selection is initiated when the user moves the pointer over the object for a length of time that is longer than a time-out. | | Howland Island | 豪兰岛 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | HPC | HPC | Core Terminology | | A computer that is small enough to fit in a jacket pocket and can run a specially designed operating system and applications made for that operating system. | | HPFS | HPFS | Core Terminology | | A fixed-disk file system that organizes the disk into volumes, rather than partitions and logical drives. HPFS supports long, mixed-case filenames and extended attributes, and implements several levels of caching, for improved operating-system performance. The IBM OS/2 operating system supports HPFS. | | HTML | HTML | Windows| Office| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A text markup language used to create documents for the Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a web document by using a variety of tags and attributes. | | HTML form set directory | HTML 表单集目录 | ISA Server | 2006 | The directory in which customized HTML forms are located. HTML forms can be used to authenticate users when publishing Web-based Exchange servers. | | HTML tag | HTML 标记 | Office| Language Interface Pack | | A text string used in HTML to identify a page element's type, format, and appearance. | | HTML Viewer | HTML 查看器 | SQL Server | Yukon | UI component consisting of a report toolbar and other navigation elements used to work with a report. | | HTT | HTT | Windows | Vista | A technology that allows two threads to run in parallel on the same processor. | | http | http | Windows Media Player| Windows| Outlook Express| Windows Mail| Office| MSN| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, XP, Vista | The Internet protocol used to deliver information over the World Wide Web. | | HTTP | HTTP | Windows Media Player| Windows| Outlook Express| Windows Mail| Office| MSN| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, XP, Vista | The Internet protocol used to deliver information over the World Wide Web. | | HTTP compression | HTTP 压缩 | ISA Server | 2006 | A feature that reduces file size, by using algorithms to eliminate redundant data. HTTP compression uses the industry standard GZIP and Deflate algorithms. | | HTTP to HTTPS Redirection | HTTP 到 HTTPS 重定向 | ISA Server | 2006 | A group box label in the Web listener settings. Options in the group box specify conditions under which HTTP client requests should be redirected to HTTPS. | | hub | 集线器 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A common connection point for devices in a network. Typically used to connect segments of a local area network (LAN), a hub contains multiple ports. When data arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see the data. | | hubbed mode | 集中模式 | Windows | XP | A mode in which the Address Resolution Protocol/multicast address resolution service (ARP/MARS) provides asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) addresses to requesting clients in the form of a multicast server (MCS) list value. In this mode, ARP/MARS acts as a multicast server, providing active forwarding of all multicast and broadcast traffic destined for IP addresses contained within the ranges specified in the list. | | hue | 色调 | Windows | XP | In the HSB color model, one of the three characteristics used to describe a color. Hue is the attribute that most readily distinguishes one color from other colors. It depends on the frequency of a light wave in the visible spectrum. | | Hue, Cycles Entire Color Spectrum | 色调，循环整个色谱 | Windows| Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Humour | 幽默 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 100. | | Hungarian | 匈牙利语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Hungary. | | Hungary | 匈牙利 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | hunt group | 智能寻线 | Exchange Server | | A set of telephone extensions that are organized into a group, over which the Private Branch eXchange (PBX) "hunts" to find an available extension. A hunt group is used to direct calls to identically-capable endpoints or to an application, such as voice mail. | | hyperlink | 超链接 | Windows Server 2003| Windows | R2, XP | A connection between an element in a hypertext document, such as a word, phrase, symbol, or image, and a different element in the document, another document, a file, or a script. | | hyperlink base | 超链接基础 | Office | XP | When a relative link is based on a path you specify (the first part of the path that is shared by the file containing the hyperlink and the destination file), that path is the hyperlink base. | | hyperlink display text | 超链接文字 | Office| Word | XP | The part of a hyperlink in a document or Web page that displays as text on the screen. | | hyperlink field | 超链接字段 | Office| Access | 2003, 12 | A field that stores hyperlink addresses. | | hypertext | 超文本 | Core Terminology | | Text linked together in a complex, nonsequential web of associations in which the user can browse through related topics. | | Hypertext Markup Language | 超文本标记语言 | Windows| Office| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A text markup language used to create documents for the Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a web document by using a variety of tags and attributes. | | hypertext reference | 超文本引用 | Core Terminology | | An attribute, in an HTML document, that defines a link to another location within a document, a document on the Web, or an e-mail address. | | Hypertext Transfer Protocol | 超文本传输协议 | Windows Media Player| Windows| Outlook Express| Windows Mail| Office| MSN| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, XP, Vista | The Internet protocol used to deliver information over the World Wide Web. | | hyperthreading | 超线程 | Windows | Vista | A technology that allows two threads to run in parallel on the same processor. | | Hyper-Threading Technology | 超线程技术 | Windows | Vista | A technology that allows two threads to run in parallel on the same processor. | | hyphen | 连字符 | Language Interface Pack| Windows | | The ‐ character, used to break a word between syllables at the end of a line or to separate the parts of a compound word. | | Source Term | Target Term | Product | Version | Definition (concept) | | Hagåtña | 阿加纳 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Guam. | | Haiti | 海地 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | HAL | HAL | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms. | | half-duplex | 半双工 | Core Terminology| Host Integration Server | | Two-way electronic communication that takes place in only one direction at a time. | | half-duplex | 半双工 | Core Terminology | | Of or pertaining to two-way communication that takes place in only one direction at a time. | | Hamilton | 哈密尔顿 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Bermuda. | | handheld PC | 手持电脑 | Core Terminology | | A computer that is small enough to fit in a jacket pocket and can run a specially designed operating system and applications made for that operating system. | | handheld PC | 手持 PC | Core Terminology | | A computer that is small enough to fit in a jacket pocket and can run a specially designed operating system and applications made for that operating system. | | Handheld PC | 手持电脑 | Core Terminology | | A bundled Microsoft Windows CE-based operating system and suite of productivity and communications software designed specifically to support mobile computing devices small enough to be held in one hand while being operated with the other hand. | | handheld scanner | 手持式扫描仪 | PhotoDraw | XP | A type of scanner used as follows: the user passes the scan head, contained within a handheld unit, over the medium being scanned, such as a piece of paper. | | hand-held scanner | 手持式扫描仪 | PhotoDraw | XP | A type of scanner used as follows: the user passes the scan head, contained within a handheld unit, over the medium being scanned, such as a piece of paper. | | handle | 句柄 | Office| Access | 2003 | Any token that a program can use to identify and access an object such as a device, a file, a window, or a dialog box. | | handle | 句柄 | Core Terminology | | A pointer to a pointer; that is, a variable that contains the address of another variable, which in turn contains the address of the desired object. | | handle | 图柄 | Windows | | In the user interface, an interface added to an object that facilitates moving, sizing, reshaping, or other functions pertaining to an object. | | handle count | 句柄计数 | Office| Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | In Task Manager, the number of object handles in a process`s object table. | | hands-free installation | 无人参与安装 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An installation that runs unattended and does not require any user input after it has been started. | | hands-free setup | 无人参与安装 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An installation that runs unattended and does not require any user input after it has been started. | | handshake | 握手 | Core Terminology | | A series of signals acknowledging that communication or the transfer of information can take place between computers or other devices. | | handwriting | 手写 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | What you write using your tablet pen. | | handwriting dictionary | 手写词典 | Windows| Tablet PC | Longhorn, Vista | A large dictionary of common words and writing samples. Tablet PC Input Panel can convert your handwriting only into words and characters that are in the handwriting dictionary. There is a separate handwriting dictionary for each person who logs on to your Tablet PC. You can add your own words such as names and acronyms to your dictionary. | | handwriting input device | 手写输入设备 | Windows | XP | A tool, such as a digital pen and tablet, used to enter text by writing instead of typing. Along with writing tablets, you can use 3-D drawing or Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) tablets, or a tablet-PC. You can also write by moving your mouse on the mouse pad. | | handwriting recognition | 手写识别 | Core Terminology| Tablet PC | | The act of handwriting being recognized as text on a Tablet PC. | | Handwriting recognition personalization tool | 手写识别个性化工具 | Windows | Vista | A feature of Windows Vista for Tablet PC that allows users to tailor handwriting recognition results to their own personal handwriting style. | | handwriting recognizer | 手写识别器 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A feature that converts writing into typed text. | | handwriting sample | 手写示例 | Windows | Vista | An example of the user's handwriting that is used in handwriting recognition. | | hang | 挂起 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | To stop responding. | | hang signature | hang signature | Windows | Vista | The application and application version as well as the module, module version, and offset where the ‘hung’ thread is at the time the hang report is generated. | | Hang Up | 挂断 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A button on Audio Controls and Phone Controls that disconnects the current call. | | hanging indent | 悬挂缩进 | Office| Windows| Language Interface Pack | XP | Paragraph formatting in which the second and subsequent lines of a paragraph are indented more than the first line. Common uses for the hanging indent are bulleted and numbered lists. | | hanging quotation | 悬挂引号 | Office| Publisher | XP | Giant quotation marks used to frame a pull quote. | | Hanoi | 河内 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Vietnam. | | Harare | 哈拉雷 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Zimbabwe. | | hard affinity | 硬关联 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | A mechanism by which a thread can only run on a set of processors. | | hard disk | 硬盘 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An inflexible platter coated with material in which data can be recorded magnetically with read/write heads. | | hard mount | 硬装载 | Core Terminology| Windows Server 2003 | R2 | The processes during which an NFS client will infinitely try to mount a file system to make it available for access. NFS clients which hard mount a file system could encounter problems if the NFS server becomes unavailable. | | hard quota | 硬配额 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A quota that prevents users from saving files after the space limit is reached, and generates notifications when the volume of data reaches each configured threshold. | | Hard Rock | 硬摇滚 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 79. | | hard-coded | 硬编码的 | Core Terminology | | Depending on values embedded in the program code rather than on values that can be input and changed by the user. | | Hardcopy Cable Replacement Profile | Hardcopy Cable Replacement Profile | Windows | Vista | A profile that allows the user to print documents wirelessly to a Bluetooth-enabled printer, including a printer located in another room. | | Hardcore | 硬核 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 129. | | hardware | 硬件 | Windows | XP | The physical components of a computer system, including any peripheral equipment such as printers, modems, and mouse devices. | | hardware branch | 硬件项 | Windows | Longhorn, WinClient, Vista | The hardware archive root key in the registry that is a superset of the memory-resident hardware tree. Although the hardware tree contains information only about those devices currently detected and running in the system, the registry contains a complete list of all hardware ever installed on the particular computer. The hardware root key is \\HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE\Hardware. | | Hardware Compatibility Test kit | 硬件兼容性测试工具包 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | A collection of tests that verify hardware and device driver operations under a specific operating situation on Microsoft Windows operating systems. The tests exercise the combination of a device, a software driver, and an operating system under controlled conditions and verify that all components operate properly. | | hardware abstraction layer | 硬件抽象层 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms. | | Hardware Compatibility List | 硬件兼容列表 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A registry of products that have been tested by Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Labs (WHQL). These products passed Windows compatibility testing. | | hardware compression | 硬件压缩 | Windows | XP | A feature available on some tape devices that automatically compresses the data that is being stored on the device. This is usually an option that is turned on or off in a backup program. | | hardware configuration | 硬件配置 | Windows | XP | Resource settings that have been allocated for a specific device. Each device on your computer has a hardware configuration, which can consist of interrupt request (IRQ) lines, direct memory access (DMA), an input/output (I/O) port, or memory address settings. | | hardware ID | 硬件 ID | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A vendor-defined string used by the Plug and Play Manager to find the correct .inf file to install a particular device. | | hardware profile | 硬件配置文件 | Windows | XP | Data that describes the configuration and characteristics of specific computer equipment. This information can be used to configure computers for using peripheral devices. | | hardware router | 硬件路由器 | Windows | | A router that performs routing as a dedicated function and has specific hardware designed and optimized for routing. | | hardware tree | 硬件树 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A record in RAM of the current system configuration based on the information for all devices in the hardware branch of the registry. The hardware tree is created each time the system is started or whenever a dynamic change occurs to the system configuration. | | hardware type | 硬件类型 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A classification for similar devices. For example, Imaging Device is a hardware type for digital cameras and scanners. | | hash | 哈希 | Windows| Windows Presentation Foundation | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A fixed-size result that is obtained by applying a one-way mathematical function (sometimes called a 'hash algorithm') to an arbitrary amount of data. If there is a change in the input data, the hash changes. The hash can be used in many operations, including authentication and digital signing. | | hash algorithm | 哈希算法 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An algorithm that produces a hash value of some piece of data, such as a message or session key. With a good hash algorithm, changes in the input data can change every bit in the resulting hash value; for this reason, hashes are useful in detecting any modification in a data object, such as a message. Furthermore, a good hash algorithm makes it computationally infeasible to construct two independent inputs that have the same hash. Typical hash algorithms include MD2, MD4, MD5, and SHA-1. | | hash code | 哈希代码 | Windows| Windows Presentation Foundation | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A fixed-size result that is obtained by applying a one-way mathematical function (sometimes called a 'hash algorithm') to an arbitrary amount of data. If there is a change in the input data, the hash changes. The hash can be used in many operations, including authentication and digital signing. | | hash partitioning | 哈希分区 | SQL Server | Yukon | A way of partitioning a table or index by allowing SQL Server to apply an internal hash algorithm to spread rows across partitions based on the number of partitions specified and the values of one or more partitioning columns. | | hash function | 哈希算法 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An algorithm that produces a hash value of some piece of data, such as a message or session key. With a good hash algorithm, changes in the input data can change every bit in the resulting hash value; for this reason, hashes are useful in detecting any modification in a data object, such as a message. Furthermore, a good hash algorithm makes it computationally infeasible to construct two independent inputs that have the same hash. Typical hash algorithms include MD2, MD4, MD5, and SHA-1. | | hash table | 哈希表 | Command Shell| Windows | Vista | A data structure that carries out a mathematical calculation on a field identifier to determine where a data element in a large table or index is located. | | hash table | 哈希表 | Command Shell| Windows | Vista | A data structure that carries out a mathematical calculation on a field identifier to determine where a data element in a large table or index is located. | | Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | 约旦哈希姆王国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | hate speech | 仇恨言论 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | Words or phrases that convey hatred or contempt or is intended to intimidate or cause harm to a group of people based on race, religion, ethnic origin, sexual orientation or disability. | | hate speech | 仇恨言论 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | Words or phrases that convey hatred or contempt or is intended to intimidate or cause harm to a group of people based on race, religion, ethnic origin, sexual orientation or disability. | | Hausa | 豪撒语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Nigeria. | | Havana | 哈瓦那 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Cuba. | | Hawaiian | 夏威夷语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in the USA. | | HCL | HCL | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A registry of products that have been tested by Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Labs (WHQL). These products passed Windows compatibility testing. | | HCRP | HCRP | Windows | Vista | A profile that allows the user to print documents wirelessly to a Bluetooth-enabled printer, including a printer located in another room. | | HCT kit | HCT 工具包 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | A collection of tests that verify hardware and device driver operations under a specific operating situation on Microsoft Windows operating systems. The tests exercise the combination of a device, a software driver, and an operating system under controlled conditions and verify that all components operate properly. | | HDCD | HDCD | Windows Media Player| Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | A patented encode/decode process that improves the quality of all forms of digital audio recording and playback by increasing resolution and reducing distortion that occurs during analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion, digital pro | | HDCD Low Level Extension | HDCD 低级扩展 | Windows Media Services | | A compressor/expander algorithm that produces a dynamic range and resolution beyond the capability of the 16-bit standard. | | HDCD Peak Extension | HDCD 峰值扩展 | Windows Media Services | | A soft peak limiter algorithm applied to the audio signal that allows encoding of peak signal levels up to 6 decibels (dB) above 0 decibels full scale (dBfs) without clipping. | | HDMI | HDMI | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A digital interface specification for delivering digital content and connecting consumer electronic devices. | | HDTV | HGTV | Windows | Vista | A type of television that provides much higher resolution, sharpness, sound quality, and picture quality than traditional televisions. HDTVs can usually be used as computer monitors. | | header | 头 | Microsoft Business Solutions-Axapta | 4 | An information structure that precedes and identifies the information that follows. | | header block | 头信息块 | Windows | Vista | In SOAP, an element placed in the Header element and which contains control information. For example, information that influences payload processing, such as a credentials element that helps control access to the operation. | | header | 页眉 | Language Interface Pack| Office| Access | XP | In word processing or printing, text that is to appear at the top of pages. A header might be specified for the first page, all pages after the first, even pages, or odd pages. It usually includes the page number and may also show the date or the title or other information about a document. | | header block | 头信息块 | Windows | Vista | In SOAP, an element placed in the Header element and which contains control information. For example, information that influences payload processing, such as a credentials element that helps control access to the operation. | | header file | 头文件 | Core Terminology | | A file that is identified to be included at the beginning of a program in a language such as C and that contains the definitions of data types and declarations of variables used by the functions in the program. | | headless | 无外设 | Core Terminology | | Not requiring a keyboard, pointing device, or monitor for display or input. | | headless device | 无外设设备 | Windows | XP | A device that does not have a conventional keyboard, mouse, or video monitor during normal operation. | | headless server | 无外设服务器 | Office| Windows | Longhorn, Vista | A server that you can administer by using a different computer. You typically access this type of server by using a network connection. A remotely administered server can have a local keyboard, mouse, or video card and monitor. | | Headphone Virtualization mode | 虚拟头戴耳机模式 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | An audio effect setting that allows users with stereo headphones to experience stereo and multi-channel content without the need to set up an extensive multi-channel speaker system. | | Headphone Virtualization mode | 虚拟头戴耳机模式 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | An audio effect setting that allows users with stereo headphones to experience stereo and multi-channel content without the need to set up an extensive multi-channel speaker system. | | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act | Non Specific| Exchange Server | | A US federal law that provides rights and protections for participants and beneficiaries in group health plans. | | health policy | 健康策略 | Windows | Vista | A specification of the required conditions for full access. Health policies are configured in IAS. A network might have more than one health policy. For example, DHCP Quarantine and VPN Quarantine might use different health policies. | | health policy | 健康策略 | Windows | Vista | A specification of the required conditions for full access. Health policies are configured in IAS. A network might have more than one health policy. For example, DHCP Quarantine and VPN Quarantine might use different health policies. | | health state | 健康状况 | Windows | 2006 | In reference to Health column in Results pages, indicates whether thresholds for devices or transactions are exceeded. Health is indicated by health alert icons in simulation results. | | heap | 堆 | .NET Framework | | A portion of memory reserved for a program to use for the temporary storage of data structures whose existence or size cannot be determined until the program is running. | | heap pointer | 堆指针 | Windows Application Verifier | | An address of a memory location within the locations managed by the system and belonging to a heap. All Win32 and NT level heap interfaces take as first parameter a pointer to the heap where the operation should happen. | | Heard Island and McDonald Islands | 赫德和麦克唐纳群岛 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Heart Button | 红心按钮 | Windows | Vista | A button on the Comfy Cakes game interface that allows the player to select a heart decoration for their cake. | | Heart Pan Button | 心型盘按钮 | Windows | Vista | A button on the Comfy Cakes game interface that allows the player to select a heart-shaped pan to bake their cake in. | | heartbeat | 检测信号 | Windows| Virtual Server| Operations Manager | MOM 2005 | A signal emitted at regular intervals by software to indicate that it is still running. | | heartbeat checking | 检查检测信号 | Operations Manager | MOM 2005 | The process of checking the heartbeat. The user can specify how and how often the heartbeat of an agent is checked. | | heartbeat interval | 检测信号间隔 | Exchange Server | | The amount of time that can elapse before the Exchange server asks a mobile device running Exchange ActiveSync to connect again. | | Heavy metal | 重金属 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 137. | | Hebrew | 希伯来语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Israel. | | Hellenic Republic | 希腊共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | help | 帮助 | Language Interface Pack| Windows | | The capability of many programs and operating systems to display advice or instructions for using their features when so requested by the user, as by a screen button or menu item or a function key. | | help | 帮助 | Language Interface Pack| Windows | | The capability of many programs and operating systems to display advice or instructions for using their features when so requested by the user, as by a screen button or menu item or a function key. | | Help and Support Center | 帮助和支持中心 | Office| Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A unified place where a user can access all Help and Support content and services from Microsoft, the OEM, and the corporation. | | Help and Support Center taxonomy | 帮助和支持中心分类 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | In the Windows XP Help and Support Center, the classification system that organizes Help topics into specific categories. | | Help Improvement program | 帮助改进计划 | Windows | Vista | A feature that helps Microsoft identify trends in the way Help is used so that Microsoft can improve the search results and the relevancy of the content. | | Help menu | “帮助”菜单 | Windows Server 2003| Microsoft Office Communicator| Works| Language Interface Pack | R2, 8.0, 9.0 | A common drop-down menu that includes commands that provide access to online Help or other forms of user assistance. | | Help Topics | 帮助主题 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | An item on the Help menu that opens online Help for Communicator. | | helper DC | 帮助器 DC | Windows | Vista | A supporting domain controller used to source SYSVOL from the restored backup media if only one domain controller is installed in the domain (SYSVOL has not replicated at least once between two domain controllers in the domain). | | Source Term | Target Term | Product | Version | Definition (concept) | | G | G | Windows | Vista | A game rating symbol developed by the Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC). | | G | G | Windows | Vista | A game rating symbol developed by the Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC). | | GAAP | GAAP | Microsoft Business Solutions-Great Plains | | The currently acceptable accounting principles, practices, and procedures used in financial accounting in the United States. | | Gabon | 加蓬 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Gabonese Republic | 加蓬共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Gaborone | 哈博罗内 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Botswana. | | GAC | GAC | .NET Framework| SQL Server | .NET; Yukon | A machine-wide code cache that stores assemblies specifically installed to be shared by many applications on the computer. Applications deployed in the global assembly cache must have a strong name. | | gadget | 小工具 | Windows| Language Interface Pack| MSN | Vista | A lightweight and task-specific add-in program that integrates with applications to expose data at a glance. | | Gaelic | 盖尔语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in the United Kingdom. | | Gaelic (Scotland) | 盖尔语（苏格兰） | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | gain adjustment | 增益调节 | Office | XP | A microphone feature that allows your input to be amplified so that it is made louder for use by the system. | | GAL | GAL | Windows| Office| Outlook| Language Interface Pack | 2003 | A directory of all mail-enabled objects to which messages can be addressed. | | Galician | 加利西亚语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Spain. | | Gallegan | 加利西亚语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Spain. | | Gambling | 赌博 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by Microsoft. | | Gambling | 赌博 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by Microsoft. | | Gambling | 赌博 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by the Computer Entertainment Rating Organization (CERO). | | Gambling | 赌博 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by the Computer Entertainment Rating Organization (CERO). | | Gambling | 赌博 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB). | | Gambling | 赌博 | Windows | Vista | A content descriptor developed by the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB). | | game | 游戏 | Language Interface Pack | | A class of computer program in which one or more users interact with the computer as a form of entertainment. | | Game | 游戏 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 36. | | game controller | 游戏控制器 | Core Terminology | | An action-control device used with computer games that allows the player to control direction, speed, and other actions on screen. | | game device | 游戏设备 | Core Terminology | | An action-control device used with computer games that allows the player to control direction, speed, and other actions on screen. | | game pad | 游戏板 | Core Terminology | | An action-control device used with arcade-type games played on PCs and game consoles such as the Nintendo 64 and Sony PlayStation. A game pad, unlike a joystick, is meant to be held in the player's hands. | | game port | 游戏端口 | Windows | XP | An input/output connector to which you attach a joy stick or other game device to your computer. It is typically a 15-pin socket on the back of a PC. | | Games ratings | 游戏分级 | Windows | Vista | A setting on the Parental Control control panel that allows the user to select the allowed game ratings and content types per user. | | gaming device | 游戏设备 | Core Terminology | | An action-control device used with computer games that allows the player to control direction, speed, and other actions on screen. | | gamma | 伽玛 | Core Terminology | | The exponent in an equation that relates the intensity (I) of light output in a cathode ray tube (CRT) to the voltage (V) in the control grid. | | gamma ramp | 伽马校正 | Windows | Vista | A lookup table (LUT) of numeric values that is used to compensate for a particular monitor's color response. The table has three parts (one each for red, green, and blue), and each part has 256 lookup values. A gamma ramp is used to map the range of possible intensities for each color to a limited number (256) of values. An independent hardware vendor (IHV) chooses these values so that the transition from one color intensity to the next is as smooth as possible (since the eye perceives changes in light intensity nonlinearly). | | gamma ramp | 伽马校正 | Windows | Vista | A lookup table (LUT) of numeric values that is used to compensate for a particular monitor's color response. The table has three parts (one each for red, green, and blue), and each part has 256 lookup values. A gamma ramp is used to map the range of possible intensities for each color to a limited number (256) of values. An independent hardware vendor (IHV) chooses these values so that the transition from one color intensity to the next is as smooth as possible (since the eye perceives changes in light intensity nonlinearly). | | Gangsta | 黑帮 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 59. | | Gantt chart | 甘特图 | Core Terminology | | A bar chart that shows individual parts of a project as bars against a horizontal time scale. | | garbage collection interval | 垃圾收集间隔 | Windows | | A measurement of time indicating how often a domain controller examines its database for expired tombstones that can be collected. | | garbage collector | 垃圾收集器 | SQL Server| Visual Studio | Yukon, Whidbey | Part of the operating system that performs garbage collection. | | gatekeeper | 网关守卫 | Core Terminology | | A server that uses a directory to perform name-to-IP address translation, admission control, and call management services in H.323 conferencing. | | gateway | 网关 | Virtual Server| Windows| Language Interface Pack | XP | A dedicated device (or a set of services running on a dedicated computer) that routes network traffic and enables communication between different networking protocols. A gateway is a multiprotocol Internet Protocol (IP) router that translates between different transport protocols or data formats. | | gateway address | 网关地址 | Core Terminology | | The IP address you use when you make a connection outside of your immediate network. | | Gateway script | 网关脚本 | FrontPage | XP | A standard method of extending Web server functionality by executing programs or scripts on a Web server in response to Web browser requests, such as in form processing. Use of a common gateway interface can make a web page more dynamic. | | GB | GB | Windows| Language Interface Pack | XP | A unit of computer memory equal to 1,024 megabytes (1,024 ª 1,048,576, [230] bytes). | | GC | GC | Core Terminology| SQL Server | Yukon | The process of transitively tracing through all pointers to actively used objects to locate all objects that can be referenced and then arranging to reuse any heap memory that was not found during this trace. The runtime garbage collection also arranges to compact the memory that is in use to reduce the working space needed for the heap. | | GCW | GCW | Windows | Vista | A wizard in Welcome Center that enables users to sign up with an internet service provider (ISP). | | GCW | GCW | Windows | Vista | A wizard in Welcome Center that enables users to sign up with an internet service provider (ISP). | | GDI | GDI | Core Terminology | | An executable program that processes graphical function calls from a Windows-based application and passes those calls to the appropriate device driver, which performs the hardware-specific functions that generate output. By acting as a buffer between applications and output devices, GDI presents a device-independent view of the world for the application while interacting in a device-dependent format with the device. | | GDT | GDT | Windows | | A memory segment that contains descriptors for code, data, and descriptor table segments. All processor tasks have access to a common GDT. | | General | 常规 | Windows | Vista | A game rating symbol developed by the Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC). | | General | 常规 | Windows | Vista | A game rating symbol developed by the Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC). | | General alignment | 常规对齐方式 | Office| Access| Excel | XP | A format that normally left aligns text and right aligns numbers. When right-to-left features are active, General alignment is extended to include Text mode (always available) and Interface mode (sometimes available). | | Generally Accepted Accounting Principles | 公认会计准则 | Microsoft Business Solutions-Great Plains | | The currently acceptable accounting principles, practices, and procedures used in financial accounting in the United States. | | generator | 生成器 | SQL Server | Yukon | The component of Notification Services that matches events to subscriptions and produces notifications. | | Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface | 通用安全服务应用程序编程接口 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A generic API for performing client-server authentication that can be implemented over any authentication system. GSS-API makes it possible for applications to use the same API with different authentication mechanisms. | | generic test | 一般测试 | Visual Studio Team System | | A known Visual Studio test type that encapsulates an unknown test or tool and allows Visual Studio to treat it as a known type. | | genlocking | 同步刷新率 | Windows | | The repeated rendering of a 3-D primitive while blending on a texture with each pass. This technique is widely used to achieve a variety of special effects. | | genre | 流派 | Windows Media Services| Windows Media Player | Longhorn, Polaris | In Windows Media Technologies, the type of music, such as rock or classical, played by a radio station. | | genre | 流派 | Core Terminology| Windows Media Player for Pocket PC| Windows Media Player for Smartphone| Language Interface Pack | | A category for grouping or describing multimedia, such as music categorized as "classical" or "jazz". | | genuine | 正版 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista, XP | Pertaining to Microsoft software which is published by Microsoft, properly licensed, and fully supported by Microsoft or a trusted partner. | | George Town | 乔治敦 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in the Cayman Islands. | | Georgetown | 乔治敦 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Guyana. | | Georgia | 格鲁吉亚 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Georgian | 格鲁吉亚语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Georgia. | | German | 德语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Germany. | | German (Austria) | 德语(奥地利) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | German (Germany) | 德语(德国) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | German (Liechtenstein) | 德语(列支敦士登) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | German (Luxembourg) | 德语(卢森堡) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | German (Switzerland) | 德语(瑞士) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | Germany | 德国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | gesture | 笔势 | Core Terminology| Tablet PC| Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A symbol that you draw on the screen or a movement of your tablet pen that the Tablet PC interprets as a command, rather than writing or drawing. | | Get Connected Wizard | 连接向导 | Windows | Vista | A wizard in Welcome Center that enables users to sign up with an internet service provider (ISP). | | Get Connected Wizard | 连接向导 | Windows | Vista | A wizard in Welcome Center that enables users to sign up with an internet service provider (ISP). | | get operation | Get 操作 | Visual Studio Team System | | An operation in a source-controlled database that replaces the workspace version of a file with the specified repository version. By default, the repository version is the latest version. | | Getting Started | 入门 | Windows | XP | A page in the Shared Computer Toolkit which provides an overview of the tools and resources available in the Toolkit and advice to help you start using the Toolkit quickly. | | Getting Started | 入门 | Windows Mobile | | Instructions for setting up and preparing the device for first use. | | Getting Started | 入门 | Works | 8.0, 9.0 | A drop-down item under the Help menu that opens up a quick overview help file. | | Getting Started CD | 入门 CD | Windows Mobile | | The title of a CD that contains ActiveSync and additional programs. | | Ghana | 加纳 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | ghost | 重显？ | Core Terminology | | A dim, secondary image that is displaced slightly from the primary image on a video display (due to signal reflection in transmission) or on a printout (due to unstable printing elements). | | ghost | 创建副本 | Core Terminology | | To produce a duplicate, such as duplicating an application in memory. | | ghost | 重影 | Core Terminology | | An abandoned or no-longer-maintained Web site that remains accessible to visitors. | | ghost device | ghost 设备 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | A device that is detected by a computer even though it is no longer installed or connected. You can remove ghost devices in Device Manager. | | ghost row | 虚影行 | SQL Server | Yukon | Row in the leaf level of an index that has been marked for deletion, but has not yet been deleted by the database engine. | | ghosted item | ghosted item | Windows | Vista | A file-backed item that was synchronized without its file stream. | | ghosting | ghosting | Windows | Vista | The process of turning a regular file-backed item into a ghosted item. | | Gibraltar | 直布罗陀 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Gibraltar. | | Gibraltar | 直布罗陀 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | GID | GID | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | An identifier in UNIX that associates a user with a group of other users that have something in common. A user can be a member of one or more groups. | | GIF animation | GIF 动画 | PhotoDraw | XP | A file containing a series of graphics that are displayed in rapid sequence in a Web browser. | | gigabyte | GB | Windows| Language Interface Pack | XP | A unit of computer memory equal to 1,024 megabytes (1,024 ª 1,048,576, [230] bytes). | | Give Control | 给与控件 | Live Meeting | | A Sharing slide option that allows the presenter to give application control to another participant. | | glass | 玻璃 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A new visual style applicable to controls for the Start menu and the taskbar that allows users to personalize the look of Windows. With the introduction of glass window borders in Windows Vista, users can now customize the color, intensity, and opacity of their window borders. | | glass | 玻璃 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A new visual style applicable to controls for the Start menu and the taskbar that allows users to personalize the look of Windows. With the introduction of glass window borders in Windows Vista, users can now customize the color, intensity, and opacity of their window borders. | | glassiness | 玻璃效果 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | The appearance of the Start menu and the taskbar after the glass visual style has been applied to customize the color, intensity, and opacity of window borders. | | glassiness | 玻璃效果 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | The appearance of the Start menu and the taskbar after the glass visual style has been applied to customize the color, intensity, and opacity of window borders. | | GLB | GLB | Core Terminology | | A U.S. law containing financial provisions that require all financial institutions to disclose to consumer customers their policies and practices for protecting the privacy of non-public personal information. Non-public personal information includes any PII provided by a customer, resulting from transactions with the financial institution or obtained by a financial institution through providing products or services. | | global | 全局 | Office| Language Interface Pack | | Pertaining to an entire document, file, or program rather than to a restricted segment of it. | | global address list | 全局地址列表 | Windows| Office| Outlook| Language Interface Pack | 2003 | A directory of all mail-enabled objects to which messages can be addressed. | | global assembly cache | 全局程序集缓存 | .NET Framework| SQL Server | .NET; Yukon | A machine-wide code cache that stores assemblies specifically installed to be shared by many applications on the computer. Applications deployed in the global assembly cache must have a strong name. | | global attribute | 全局属性 | Windows Media Player | | An attribute associated with a skin definition file as a whole, which can be accessed from any element. | | global catalog | 全局编录 | Core Terminology | | A directory database that applications and clients can query to locate any object in a forest. The global catalog is hosted on one or more domain controllers in the forest. It contains a partial replica of every domain directory partition in the forest. These partial replicas include replicas of every object in the forest, as follows: the attributes most frequently used in search operations and the attributes required to locate a full replica of the object. | | global descriptor table | 全局描述符表 | Windows | | A memory segment that contains descriptors for code, data, and descriptor table segments. All processor tasks have access to a common GDT. | | global group | 全局组 | Windows | XP | A security or distribution group that can contain users, groups, and computers from its own domain as members. Global security groups can be granted rights and permissions for resources in any domain in the forest. | | global mapping | 全局映射 | ISA Server | 2006 | A link translation mapping that may be applied by all web publishing rules. A global mapping may be either user-defined or automatically defined by web publishing rules. | | global menu bar | 全局菜单栏 | Office| Access | XP | A special custom menu bar that replaces the built-in menu bar in all windows in your application, except where you've specified a custom menu bar for a form or report. | | global replica | 全局副本 | Office| Access | 2003, 12 | A replica in which changes are fully tracked and can be exchanged with any global replica in the set. A global replica can also exchange changes with any local or anonymous replicas for which it becomes the hub. | | global resource pointer | 全局资源指针 | Commerce Server | | A resource object exposed at the site level that serves to reference a global resource being used by that site. | | global shortcut menu | 全局快捷菜单 | Office| Access | XP | A custom shortcut menu that replaces the built-in shortcut menu for the following objects - fields in table and query datasheets; forms and form controls in Form view, Datasheet view, and Print Preview; and reports in Print Preview. | | Global text direction | 全球文字方向 | Office | XP | Defines the flow of text in text entry boxes and edit controls. You can choose a left-to-right or right-to-left direction, or base the direction on the context of the first strong character that is detected. | | global variable | 全局变量 | Office| Access | 2003, 12 | A variable that is accessible from anywhere in a program. | | globalization | 全球化 | .NET Framework| SQL Server | .NET; Yukon | The process of designing and developing a software product to function in multiple locales. Globalization involves identifying the locales that must be supported, designing features that support those locales, and writing code that functions equally well in any of the supported locales. | | globally-unique identifier | 全局唯一标识符 | Office| Access| Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | 2003, 12 | A 16-byte value generated from the unique identifier on a device, the current date and time, and a sequence number. A GUID is used to identify a particular device, component, user, or session. | | gloss optimizer | 光泽优化器 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A pigment ink/cartridge used in digital printing which provides resistance to water, fading and smudging, thus producing photographic prints with uniform gloss coverage. | | glyph | 字形 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A graphical representation of either a character, a part of a character, or a sequence of characters. | | Go To Tab | 转到标签 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | An item on the View menu that opens the selected tab in the current window. | | Goa | Goa | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 126. | | goal | 目标 | Visual Studio Team System | | An objective that a person is attempting to achieve. | | goaling | 活动目标设定 | Commerce Server | | Determining the number of ads to deliver in a specified amount of time. You can goal by any event, such as clicks or amount sold. | | golden release | 黄金发布 | Visual Studio Team System | | A release candidate that has been accepted as the final release of the product. | | Gospel | 福音音乐 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 38. | | Gospel | 福音音乐 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 38. | | Gothic | 哥特式 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 49. | | Gothic Rock | 哥特式摇滚 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 91. | | gouraud shading | 高氏着色 | Core Terminology | | A method of shading based on the interposition of lines of a polygon from its vertices. The shading value for the vertices is calculated from the normal of the vertex. | | GPO | GPO | Windows | XP, Vista | A collection of Group Policy settings. GPOs are essentially the documents created by the Group Policy Object Editor. GPOs are stored at the domain level, and they affect users and computers that are contained in sites, domains, and organizational units. In addition, each computer has exactly one group of policy settings stored locally, called the local Group Policy object. | | GPT | GPT | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A disk-partitioning scheme that is used by the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI). GPT offers more advantages than master boot record (MBR) partitioning because it allows up to 128 partitions per disk, provides support for volumes up to 18 exabytes in size, allows primary and backup partition tables for redundancy, and supports unique disk and partition IDs (GUIDs). | | graceful recovery | 无中断恢复 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | Termination of a process that allows the operating system or parent process to regain normal control. Does not crash the machine or result in a general protection default (GPF) or blue screen. The user is not required to close the application, and can continue to use the other functionality. | | Graham-Leach-Bliley Act | Graham-Leach-Bliley Act | Core Terminology | | A U.S. law containing financial provisions that require all financial institutions to disclose to consumer customers their policies and practices for protecting the privacy of non-public personal information. Non-public personal information includes any PII provided by a customer, resulting from transactions with the financial institution or obtained by a financial institution through providing products or services. | | Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | 卢森堡大公国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | granted permissions | 授予的权限 | .NET Framework | .NET | The permissions, determined by security policy, that code will be given, allowing it access to resources and giving it identity. The granted permissions are determined by both the requested permissions and what is allowed by the security policy configuration. See also security policycpgloS. | | granularity attribute | 粒度属性 | SQL Server | Yukon | The single attribute is used to specify the level of granularity for a given dimension in relation to a given measure group. | | graphic filter | 图形过滤器 | Office| Publisher| PhotoDraw | XP | A program that transforms a picture stored in one file format to another format so that it can be displayed in a specific graphics program. | | graphic region | 图形区域 | Office| Publisher | XP | The area on a Web page where graphics overlap. | | graphical user interface | 图形用户界面 | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A display format, like that of Windows, that represents a program's functions with graphic images such as buttons and icons. GUIs enable a user to perform operations and make choices by pointing and clicking with a mouse. | | Graphics Device Interface | 图形设备接口 | Core Terminology | | An executable program that processes graphical function calls from a Windows-based application and passes those calls to the appropriate device driver, which performs the hardware-specific functions that generate output. By acting as a buffer between applications and output devices, GDI presents a device-independent view of the world for the application while interacting in a device-dependent format with the device. | | graphics filter | 图形过滤器 | Office| Publisher| PhotoDraw | XP | A program that transforms a picture stored in one file format to another format so that it can be displayed in a specific graphics program. | | grayed | 变灰的 | Windows Server 2003| Windows| Language Interface Pack | R2 | The state of a control in which normal functionality is not presently available to a user. | | grayscale | 灰度 | Windows| Windows Movie Maker| Language Interface Pack | Vista | A sequence of shades ranging from black through white, used in computer graphics to add detail to images or to represent a color image on a monochrome output device. | | Grayscale | 灰度 | Windows| Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | 大阿拉伯利比亚人民社会主义民众国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO | 大于或等于 | Language Interface Pack | | The ≥ character. | | Greece | 希腊 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Greek | 希腊语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Greece. | | Greenland | 格陵兰 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Grenada | 格林纳达 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | grid | 网格 | Outlook with Business Contact Manager Update| Office| PowerPoint | | A set of intersecting lines or linear elements at right angles to each other. | | grid block | 网格块 | Office| Outlook | XP | The space between two adjacent grid points. | | gridline | 网格线 | Office| Excel | XP | In Excel, a line added to a chart that makes it easier to view and evaluate data. Gridlines extend from the tick marks on an axis across the plot area. | | group | 组 | Windows| Microsoft Office Communicator Web Access Manager| Office| InfoPath| Language Interface Pack| Access | Longhorn; 2003, 12 | A collection of elements that can be treated as a whole. | | group account | 组帐户 | Office| Windows| Access | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A collection of user accounts in a workgroup, identified by group name and personal ID (PID). Permissions assigned to a group apply to all users in the group. | | group box | 分组框 | Core Terminology| Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A standard Windows control that groups a set of controls. | | Group Contacts by Status | 按状态分组联系人 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | An item on the View menu that rearranges the user's contacts based on each contact's current status. | | group filter control | 组筛选控件 | Office| Access | XP | A drop-down list box control on a data access page that retrieves records from an underlying recordset based on the value you select from the list. On a grouped page, the control retrieves a specific group of records. | | group footer | 组页脚 | Office| Access | XP | Use to place information, such as group name or group total, at the end of a group of records. | | group header | 组页眉 | Office| Access | XP | A place for information, such as group name or group total, at the beginning of a group of records. | | group identifier | 组标识符 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | An identifier in UNIX that associates a user with a group of other users that have something in common. A user can be a member of one or more groups. | | group level | 组级别 | Office| Access | XP | The depth at which a group in a report or data access page is nested inside other groups. Groups are nested when a set of records is grouped by more than one field, expression, or group record source. | | group memberships | 组成员身份 | Windows | XP | The groups to which a user account belongs. Permissions and rights granted to a group are also provided to its members. In most cases, the actions a user can perform in Windows are determined by the group memberships of the user account to which the user is logged on. | | group name | 组名 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A unique name identifying a local group or a global group to Windows. A group's name cannot be identical to any other group name or user name in its own domain or computer. | | Group Policy | 组策略 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An administrative tool for managing user settings and computer settings across a network. | | Group Policy object | 组策略对象 | Windows | XP, Vista | A collection of Group Policy settings. GPOs are essentially the documents created by the Group Policy Object Editor. GPOs are stored at the domain level, and they affect users and computers that are contained in sites, domains, and organizational units. In addition, each computer has exactly one group of policy settings stored locally, called the local Group Policy object. | | grouped controls | 组合控件 | Office| Access | XP | Two or more controls that can be treated as one unit while designing a form or report. You can select the group instead of selecting each individual control as you're arranging controls or assigning properties. | | Grunge | 垃圾摇滚 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 6. | | Grytviken | 葛利特维根 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. | | GSS-API | GSS-API | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A generic API for performing client-server authentication that can be implemented over any authentication system. GSS-API makes it possible for applications to use the same API with different authentication mechanisms. | | Guadeloupe | 瓜德罗普 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Guam | 关岛 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Guaraní | 古拉尼语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Bolivia and Paraguay. | | Guatemala | 危地马拉 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Guatemala. | | Guatemala | 危地马拉 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Guernsey | 格恩西岛 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | guest operating system | 来宾操作系统 | Virtual PC| Virtual Server | | The operating system running on a virtual machine. | | GUI | GUI | Windows| Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A display format, like that of Windows, that represents a program's functions with graphic images such as buttons and icons. GUIs enable a user to perform operations and make choices by pointing and clicking with a mouse. | | GUID | GUID | Office| Access| Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | 2003, 12 | A 16-byte value generated from the unique identifier on a device, the current date and time, and a sequence number. A GUID is used to identify a particular device, component, user, or session. | | GUID partition table | GUID 分区表 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A disk-partitioning scheme that is used by the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI). GPT offers more advantages than master boot record (MBR) partitioning because it allows up to 128 partitions per disk, provides support for volumes up to 18 exabytes in size, allows primary and backup partition tables for redundancy, and supports unique disk and partition IDs (GUIDs). | | guidance | 指导 | Core Terminology | | Scripts, sample code and technical documentation designed to help in the deployment and use of a product or technology. | | Guided Help | 引导式帮助 | Windows | Vista | An interactive help topic that not only describes how to accomplish a task, but also completes it. Guided Help can either perform the task automatically or show users how to do it by leading them through each step. | | Guided Help | 引导式帮助 | Windows | Vista | An interactive help topic that not only describes how to accomplish a task, but also completes it. Guided Help can either perform the task automatically or show users how to do it by leading them through each step. | | guides | 参考线 | Office| PowerPoint| Publisher | XP, 2003 | Nonprinting straight lines, both horizontal and vertical, used to visually align objects. | | Guinea | 几内亚 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Guinea-Bissau | 几内亚比绍 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Gujarati | 古吉拉特语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in India. | | Gumdrop Button | 水果糖按钮 | Windows | Vista | A button on the Comfy Cakes game interface that allows the player to select a gumdrop decoration for their cake. | | Gurumukhi | 果鲁穆奇语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in India. | | gutter | 装订线 | Office| Publisher| Language Interface Pack | XP | The blank area between two or more columns of text or between two facing pages in a publication. | | gutter margin | 装订线边距 | Office| Word | XP, 2003 | A margin setting that adds extra space to the side or top margin of a document you plan to bind. A gutter margin ensures that text isn't obscured by the binding. | | Guyana | 圭亚那 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Source Term | Target Term | Product | Version | Definition (concept) | | floating toolbar | 浮动工具栏 | Office|Access|
PowerPoint|Word
|Excel|Publisher|
OneNote | 2003, 12 | A toolbar that is not attached to the edge of the program window. You can change the shape of some floating toolbars. | | flood attack | 淹没攻击 | ISA Server | 2006 | A denial-of-service attack in which a server is "flooded" with requests that cannot be completed. Once flooded, the host can no longer respond to legitimate requests. | | flood attack mitigation | 淹没攻击缓解 | ISA Server | 2006 | A configuration setting used by ISA Server to prevent various flood attacks. | | Flood Mitigation | 淹没缓解 | ISA Server | 2006 | A feature in the General Configuration Settings that enables the user to specify how ISA Server will prevent flood attacks. | | floppy disk | 软盘 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A reusable magnetic storage medium. The floppy disk used today is the rigid 3.5-inch microfloppy that holds 1.44 MB. It is called floppy because the first varieties were housed in bendable jackets. | | floppy disk drive | 软盘驱动器 | Language Interface Pack | | A hardware device that reads data from and writes data to floppy disks. | | flow document | 流程文档 | Windows Presentation Foundation | | A document designed to optimize viewing and readability. Flow documents dynamically adjust and reflow their content based on run-time variables such as the display area size, device resolution, and user preferences. A web page is a simple example of a flow document where the page content is dynamically formatted to fit the current window. | | Fly In, Fades | 飞入，淡化 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Fades | 飞入，淡化 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Fly Out | 飞入，飞出 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Fly Out | 飞入，飞出 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Left and Right | 飞入，从左和右 | Windows | Vista | A credit or title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Left and Right | 飞入，从左和右 | Windows | Vista | A credit or title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Top Left | 飞入，从左上角 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly In, Top Left | 飞入，从左上角 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly Out | 飞出 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fly Out | 飞出 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | f-number | F 值 | Windows | Vista | In photography, the diameter of the aperture expressed in terms of the focal length of the camera lens. The greater the f-number, the less light reaches the film and the more in focus the objects in the foreground and the background will be. For example, with an f-number = 16 the objects in the far background will be in focus. Whereas, with an f-number = 2 the background will be blurry (while foreground objects are in focus). | | focal ratio | 焦比 | Windows | Vista | In photography, the diameter of the aperture expressed in terms of the focal length of the camera lens. The greater the f-number, the less light reaches the film and the more in focus the objects in the foreground and the background will be. For example, with an f-number = 16 the objects in the far background will be in focus. Whereas, with an f-number = 2 the background will be blurry (while foreground objects are in focus). | | f-number | F 值 | Windows | Vista | In photography, the diameter of the aperture expressed in terms of the focal length of the camera lens. The greater the f-number, the less light reaches the film and the more in focus the objects in the foreground and the background will be. For example, with an f-number = 16 the objects in the far background will be in focus. Whereas, with an f-number = 2 the background will be blurry (while foreground objects are in focus). | | focal ratio | 焦比 | Windows | Vista | In photography, the diameter of the aperture expressed in terms of the focal length of the camera lens. The greater the f-number, the less light reaches the film and the more in focus the objects in the foreground and the background will be. For example, with an f-number = 16 the objects in the far background will be in focus. Whereas, with an f-number = 2 the background will be blurry (while foreground objects are in focus). | | focused | 聚焦的 | Windows Mobile | | Characterized by determination, commitment, and concentration. | | folder | 文件夹 | Windows Server 2003|Windows|Office | R2, XP | A named storage area on a computer containing files and other folders. Folders are used to organize information electronically, the same way actual folders in a filing cabinet do. | | folder hierarchy | 文件夹层次结构 | SQL Server | Yukon | A bounded namespace that uniquely identifies all reports, folders, shared data source items, and resources that are stored in and managed by a report server. | | Folder List | 文件夹列表 | Office|Outlook with Business Contact Manager Update|Outlook | XP | A menu option that displays the folders available in your mailbox. | | Folder Redirection | 文件夹重定向 | Windows | | A Group Policy option that allows you to redirect designated folders to the network. | | Folders view | 文件夹视图 | FrontPage | XP | The view of a web site that shows how the content of the site is organized. You can create, delete, copy, and move folders and files in Folders view. | | Folk | 民谣 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 80. | | Folklore | 民乐 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 115. | | Folk-Rock | 民谣摇滚 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 81. | | font | 字体 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A graphic design applied to a collection of numbers, symbols, and characters. A font describes a certain typeface, along with other qualities such as size, spacing, and pitch. | | font cartridge | 字体盒 | Windows | XP | A plug-in unit available for some printers that contains fonts in several styles and sizes. As with downloadable fonts, printers using font cartridges can produce characters in sizes and styles other than those created by the fonts built into it. | | font embedding | 字体嵌入 | Office|Publisher | XP | The act of inserting a font into the publication. Once the font is embedded, the information becomes part of the publication. | | font size | 字体大小 | Office|Windows|
Language Interface Pack | | The point size of a set of characters in a particular typeface. | | font style | 字形 | Windows Server 2003|Office|Windows|
Language Interface Pack | R2 | The stylistic attributes of a font — such as bold, italic, and underline. | | font subsetting | 字体子集 | Office|Publisher | XP | Embedding a limited number of characters specific to one font, reducing file size. | | font substitution | 字体替换 | Office|Publisher | XP | A substitution that occurs when Windows or your printer uses a font similar to the one you used in your publication to display or print your publication. | | footer | 页角 | Office|Windows|
Language Interface Pack | | One or more lines of text in the bottom margin area of a page. A footer may contain elements such as the page number, the name of the file, or the date. | | forced service | 强制服务 | SQL Server | Yukon | In a database mirroring session, a failover initiated by the database owner upon the failure of the principal server that transfers service to the mirror database while it is in an unknown state. Data may be lost. | | foreground color | 前景色 | Office|Outlook | XP | The color that is currently selected for drawing or displaying text on the screen. In monochrome displays, the foreground color is the color of a bitmap or other graphic. | | foreground program | 前台程序 | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | The program that runs in the active window (the uppermost window with the highlighted title bar). The foreground program responds to commands issued by the user. | | foreign computer | 外部计算机 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A computer that uses another message queuing system but, through a connector application, can exchange messages with computers that run Message Queuing. | | foreign key | 外键 | Office|Access | 2003, 12 | A column or combination of columns whose values match the primary key (PK) or unique key in the same or another table. | | forest | 林 | Core Terminology|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | One or more Active Directory domains that share the same class and attribute definitions (schema), site and replication information (configuration), and forest-wide search capabilities (global catalog). Domains in the same forest are linked with two-way, transitive trust relationships. | | forest root domain | 目录林根级域 | Windows | | The first domain created in a new forest. The forest-wide administrative groups, Enterprise Admins and Schema Admins, are located in this domain. As a best practice, new domains are created as children of the forest root domain. | | forest trust | 林信任 | Windows | | A trust between two Windows Server 2003 forests that forms trust relationships between every domain in both forests. A forest trust can be created only between the forest root domains in each forest. Forest trusts are transitive, and they can be one-way or two-way. An administrator must manually establish a forest trust, unlike an automatically established trust, such as a parent-child trust. | | form | 表单 | Core Terminology | | In some applications (especially databases), a structured window, box, or other self-contained element that serves as a visual filter for the underlying data it is presenting. | | form | 窗体 | Outlook with Business Contact Manager Update|Office|Outlook|
Language Interface Pack|Windows|InfoPath | 2003, 12 | A structured document or template with spaces reserved for entering information and often containing special coding as well. | | form control | 表单控件 | Office|Publisher | XP | On a Web site, an individual box or button with which you enter information on an electronic form. | | form data file | 表单数据文件 | Office|Publisher | XP | The file in which information gathered from electronic forms is stored. | | Form field | 表单域 | FrontPage | XP | A data-entry field on a page. A site visitor supplies information in a field either by typing text or by selecting a field. | | form footer | 窗体页脚 | Office|Access | XP | Use to display instructions for using a form, command buttons, or unbound controls to accept input. Displays at the bottom of the form in Form view and at the end of a printout. | | form header | 窗体页眉 | Office|Access | XP | Use to display a title for a form, instructions for using it, or command buttons that open related forms or carry out other tasks. Displays at the top of the form in Form view and at the beginning of a printout. | | form module | 窗体模块 | Office|Access | XP | A module that includes code for all event procedures triggered by events occurring on a specific form or its controls. | | form properties | 窗体属性 | Office|Access | XP | Attributes of a form that affect its appearance or behavior. For example, the DefaultView property is a form property that determines whether a form will automatically open in Form view or Datasheet view. | | form selector | 窗体选择器 | Office|Access | XP | The box where the rulers meet, in the upper-left corner of a form in Design view. Use the box to perform form-level operations, such as selecting the form. | | Form view | 窗体视图 | Office|Access | XP | A window that displays a form to either show or accept data. Form view is the primary means of adding and modifying data in tables. You cannot change the design of a form in this view. | | format | 格式 | Language Interface Pack | | The overall layout or pattern of a document. | | format | 格式 | Windows Media Player|Windows|
Windows Media Player for Pocket PC|Windows Media Player for Smartphone|Office|
Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | The structure or organization of data in a file. File format is usually indicated by the file name extension. | | format | 格式化 | Windows | | To prepare a disk for use by organizing its storage space into a collection of data "compartments", each of which can be located by the operating system so that data can be sorted and retrieved. When a previously used disk is formatted, any preexisting information on it is lost. | | format file | 格式化文件 | SQL Server | Yukon | A file containing meta information (such as data type and column size) that is used to interpret data when being read from or written to a data file. | | formatted text | 格式化文本 | Core Terminology | | Text that is displayed with multiple attributes such as typeface, slant, weight, and color. Formatting can include special effects such as shading, underlining, and blinking. | | formula | 公式 | Office|Excel|Language Interface Pack | 2003 | A sequence of values, cell references, names, functions, or operators in a cell that together produce a new value. | | Fort-de-France | 法兰西堡 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Martinique. | | forwarder | 转发器 | Core Terminology | | A DNS Server designated by other internal DNS servers to be used to forward queries for resolving external or offsite DNS domain names. | | four character code | 四字符代码 | Windows | Vista | 32-bit unsigned integer that is created by concatenating four ASCII characters. | | FOURCC Code | FOURCC 代码 | Windows | Vista | 32-bit unsigned integer that is created by concatenating four ASCII characters. | | FPM RAM | FPM RAM | Windows | | A specially designed dynamic RAM that supports access to sequential memory locations with a reduced cycle time. | | Fps | Fps | Windows Media Player|Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | The number of video frames displayed per second. Higher frame rates generally produce smoother movement in the picture. | | FQDN | FQDN | Exchange Server|Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | 3 | A DNS name that has been stated to indicate its absolute location in the domain namespace tree. In contrast to relative names, an FQDN has a trailing period (.) to qualify its position to the root of the namespace (host.example.microsoft.com.). | | fragmentation | 碎片 | Windows | XP | The scattering of parts of the same disk file over different areas of the disk. Fragmentation occurs as files on a disk are deleted and new files are added. It slows disk access and degrades the overall performance of disk operations, although usually not severely. | | frame | 框架 | Core Terminology | | In asynchronous serial communications, a unit of transmission that is sometimes measured in elapsed time and begins with the start bit that precedes a character and ends with the last stop bit that follows the character. | | frame | 框架 | Windows|Language Interface Pack|Office | Longhorn, XP, Vista | An independent section on a webpage. Each frame is actually a separate webpage and can have its own scrollbars. | | frame | 帧 | Windows Media Player|Windows|
Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | One of many sequential images that make up video. | | frame format | 帧格式 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | The way in which a network type, such as Ethernet, formats data to be sent over a network. When multiple frame types are allowed for a particular network type, the packets are structured differently and are, therefore, incompatible. All computers on a network must use the same frame type to communicate. | | frame rate | 帧速率 | Windows Media Player|Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | The number of video frames displayed per second. Higher frame rates generally produce smoother movement in the picture. | | frame type | 帧类型 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | The way in which a network type, such as Ethernet, formats data to be sent over a network. When multiple frame types are allowed for a particular network type, the packets are structured differently and are, therefore, incompatible. All computers on a network must use the same frame type to communicate. | | frames per second | 每秒帧数 | Windows Media Player|Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | The number of video frames displayed per second. Higher frame rates generally produce smoother movement in the picture. | | framework | 框架 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | | In object-oriented programming, a reusable basic design structure, consisting of abstract and concrete classes, that assists in building applications. | | France | 法国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | free cell | 空白框 | Windows | Vista | In the FreeCell game, the four card locations in the upper-left corner of the screen. Each cell holds one card. | | free media pool | 可用媒体池 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A logical collection of unused data-storage media that can be used by applications or other media pools. When media are no longer needed by an application, they are returned to a free media pool so that they can be used again. | | free space | 可用空间 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | The space available on a hard disk for creating primary partitions and extended partions, on which logical drives can be created, formatted, and assigned drive letters. | | Freestyle | 自由风格 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 119. | | free-text searchable | 自定义文本搜索 | Commerce Server | | A Yes/No flag in a property definition that indicates whether the property can be found through a free-text search. To set this flag to Yes, the property type must be string or enumerated. A free-text search locates exact matches and words that are inflectionally generated from the one(s) you specified. For example, the word "drive" would return matches for drives, drove, driving, and driven. | | Freetown | 弗里敦 | Boilerplate term | | Name of capital/major city in Sierra Leone. | | freight terms | 货运条款 | Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | | The agreed-upon method for handling shipping costs. | | French | 法语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in France. | | French (Belgium) | 法语(比利时) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | French (Canada) | 法语(加拿大) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | French (France) | 法语(法国) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | French (Luxembourg) | 法语(卢森堡) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | French (Monaco) | 法语(摩纳哥) | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | French (Switzerland) | 法语（瑞士） | Boilerplate term | | Name of language locale. | | French Guiana | 法属圭亚那 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | French Polynesia | 法属波利尼西亚 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | French Republic | 法兰西共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | French Southern and Antarctic Lands | 法属南极地区 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | frequency | 频率 | Windows Media Player|Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | In Windows Media Player, the number, such as 88.5 or 101.7, used to locate a radio station. | | frequency hopping | 频率跳转 | Windows | Vista | The switching of frequencies within a given bandwidth during a point-to-point transmission. | | frequently asked questions | 常见问题 | Office|Windows|
Language Interface Pack | | A document listing common questions and answers on a particular subject. | | Friendly name | 友好名称 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A way of displaying contact names that uses the first and last name instead of the e-mail address or sign-in name, for each contact in the user's contact list. | | front buffer | 前台缓冲区 | Core Terminology | | Memory that is displayed on the monitor or other output device. | | front-end processor | 前端处理器 | Core Terminology | | In communications, a computer that is located between communications lines and a main (host) computer and used to relieve the host of tasks related to communications; sometimes considered synonymous with communications controller. A front-end processor is dedicated entirely to handling transmitted information, including error detection and control; receipt, transmission, and possibly encoding of messages; and management of the lines running to and from other devices. | | front-end server | 前端服务器 | Windows | 2006 | A server which accepts requests from clients and sends them to the appropriate back-end server for processing. | | FS | FS | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A security token service built on Microsoft® Windows Server™ 2003. The Federation Service provides tokens in response to requests for security tokens. | | FSP | FSP | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A proxy to the Federation Service in the perimeter network (also known as demilitarized zone (DMZ) and screened subnet). The Federation Service Proxy uses WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile (WS-F PRP) protocols to collect user credential information from browser clients and Web applications and send the information to the Federation Service on their behalf. | | front-end/back-end application | 前端/后端应用程序 | Office|Access | 2003 | An application consisting of a "back-end" database file that contains tables, and copies of a "front-end" database file that contain all other database objects with links to the back-end tables. | | FRS | FRS | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A service that provides multimaster file replication for designated directory trees between designated servers running Windows Server 2003. The designated directory trees must be on disk partitions formatted with the version of NTFS used with the Windows Server 2003 family. FRS is used by Distributed File System (DFS) to automatically synchronize content between assigned replicas and by Active Directory to automatically synchronize content of the system volume information across domain controllers. | | f-stop | 光圈值 | Windows | Vista | In photography, a unit on a scale used on camera lenses to indicate a sequence of f-numbers where each stop corresponds to an f-number and with each stop the light that reaches the film is halved. | | f-stop | 光圈值 | Windows | Vista | In photography, a unit on a scale used on camera lenses to indicate a sequence of f-numbers where each stop corresponds to an f-number and with each stop the light that reaches the film is halved. | | FTP | FTP | Windows|Office|
Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols, used to copy files between two computers on the Internet. Both computers must support their respective FTP roles: one must be an FTP client and the other an FTP server. | | FTP adapter | FTP 适配器 | BizTalk Server | | An adapter that enables exchange of files between BizTalk Server and FTP servers. | | full backup | 完整备份 | SQL Server | Yukon | A backup of an entire database. | | full differential backup | 完整差异备份 | SQL Server | Yukon | A backup of all files in the database, containing only changes made to the database since the most recent full backup. A full differential backup requires a full backup as a base. | | full duplex | 全双工 | Core Terminology|Host Integration Server | | A system capable of simultaneously transmitting information in both directions over a communications channel. | | full file replacement | 全文替换 | Core Terminology | | A technology used in hotfixes that replaces the currently installed files with new files. | | full installation | 完全安装 | Core Terminology | | A type of update installation in which all the files needed to complete the installation are in a single package. | | full mode | 完整模式 | Windows Media Player|Windows | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | The default operational state of Windows Media Player in which all of its features are displayed. The Player can also appear in skin mode. | | full name | 全名 | Windows | XP | A user's complete name, usually consisting of the last name, first name, and middle initial. The full name is information that Local Users and Groups or Active Directory Users and Computers can maintain as part of the information identifying and defining a user account. | | full path | 完整路径 | Core Terminology | | In a hierarchical filing system, a pathname containing all the possible components of a pathname, including the network share or drive and root directory, as well as any subdirectories and the file or object name. | | full recovery model | 完整恢复模式 | SQL Server | Yukon | A database recovery mode that fully logs all transactions and retains all the log records until after they are backed up. The database can be recovered to the point of failure if the tail of the log is backed up after the failure. All forms of recovery are supported. | | full screen | 全屏幕 | Core Terminology|Windows Media Player for Pocket PC|Windows Media Player for Smartphone | | A display mode that utilizes the entire screen, often by hiding elements such as menus, toolbars, title bars, scroll bars, and so on. | | full volume encryption | 全卷加密 | Windows | Vista | The process of converting volumes into a coded form so they cannot be read without first authenticating to Windows; or, if on different hardware, without an escrowed recovery key. | | full zone transfer | 完整区域复制 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | The standard query type supported by all DNS servers to update and synchronize zone data when the zone has been changed. When a DNS query is made using AXFR as the specified query type, the entire zone is transferred as the response. | | full-screen program | 全屏幕程序 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A program that displays in the entire computer screen. | | fully-qualified domain name | 完全限定的域名 | Exchange Server|Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | 3 | A DNS name that has been stated to indicate its absolute location in the domain namespace tree. In contrast to relative names, an FQDN has a trailing period (.) to qualify its position to the root of the namespace (host.example.microsoft.com.). | | Function procedure | Function 过程 | Office|Access | XP | A procedure that returns a value and that can be used in an expression. You declare a function with the Function statement and end it with the End Function statement. | | Function tablet button | Tablet 功能按钮 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A tablet button that you can use in combination with other tablet buttons to do a task. This is similar to using a key combination on a standard keyboard. | | functional specification | 功能规范 | Visual Studio Team System | | A document that describes a solution, product feature set, or other final project deliverable in explicit detail. It includes the conceptual, logical and physical designs. | | functional test | 功能测试 | Windows | | A test that verifies that all of the functions of a feature are correctly implemented. | | functoid toolbox | functoid 工具箱 | BizTalk Server | | A dockable window in Visual Studio .NET that serves as the palette of functoids available for use during map construction. Functoids are organized into different toolbox tabs based on their intended purpose. | | functoid toolbox | functoid 工具箱 | BizTalk Server | | A dockable window in Visual Studio .NET that serves as the palette of functoids available for use during map construction. Functoids are organized into different toolbox tabs based on their intended purpose. | | Funk | 疯克 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 5. | | furigana | 汉字注音 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | Tiny Japanese kana characters written above or next to kanji characters. The kana characters indicate the correct pronunciation of the word written in kanji. | | Fusion | 融合 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. ID3v1 genre ID # 30. | | fuzz testing | 模糊测试 | Visual Studio Team System | | A testing process that supplies structured but invalid input to software application programming interfaces (APIs) and network interfaces to maximize the likelihood of detecting errors that might lead to software vulnerabilities. | | Source Term | Target Term | Product | Version | Definition (concept) | | face | 字体 | Windows | XP | A set of characters that share common characteristics, such as stroke width and the presence or absence of serifs (short lines at the upper and lower edges of characters). | | facsimile | 传真 | Core Terminology | | The transmission of text or graphics over telephone lines in digitized form. | | fact dimension | 事实维度 | SQL Server | Yukon | A relationship between a dimension and a measure group in which the dimension main table is the same as the measure group table. | | fact store manager | 事实存储管理器 | BizTalk Server | | The component that retrieves the fact information from the various FactRetriever objects. | | factory mode | 工厂模式 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A mode of running Sysprep that postpones the first-run experience and enables OEM and corporations to install additional drivers and applications, incorporate build-to-order customer information, and test the Windows installation. To run Sysprep in factory mode, use the command line b>Sysprep -factory/b>. | | fade | 渐弱？ | Core Terminology | | The period between the central, or sustain, portion of a effect and its end. | | Fade In, From Black | 淡入，从黑起变 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade In, From White | 淡入，从白起变 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade Out, To Black | 淡出，变黑 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade Out, To White | 淡出，变白 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Bounce Wipe | 淡化，弹跳擦除 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Bounce Wipe | 淡化，弹跳擦除 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Ellipse Wipe | 淡化，椭圆形擦除 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Ellipse Wipe | 淡化，椭圆形擦除 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, In and Out | 淡化，淡入淡出 | Windows | Vista | A credit or title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, In and Out | 淡化，淡入淡出 | Windows | Vista | A credit or title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Slow Zoom | 淡化，缓慢缩放 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Slow Zoom | 淡化，缓慢缩放 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Wipe | 淡化，擦除 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Fade, Wipe | 淡化，擦除 | Windows | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | failback | 故障回复 | Core Terminology | | The process of moving resources, either individually or in a group, back to the preferred node after the node has failed and come back online. | | failed transaction | 失败的事务 | SQL Server | Yukon | A transaction that encountered an error and was not able to complete. | | failover | 故障转移 | Core Terminology|Operations Manager | MOM 2005 | In server clusters, the process of taking resource groups offline on one node and bringing them back online on another node. When failover occurs, all resources within a resource group fail over in a predefined order; resources that depend on other resources are taken offline before, and are brought back online after, the resources on which they depend. | | failover time | 故障转移时间 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, Vista | The amount of time it takes a resource, either individually or in a group, to complete the failover process. | | failure | 失败 | Windows | Vista | The inability of a computer system or related device to operate reliably or to operate at all. | | Fair Information Practices | 公平信息惯例 | Core Terminology | | The basis for privacy best practices, both online and offline. The Practices originated in the Privacy Act of 1974, the legislation that protects personal information collected and maintained by the U.S. government. In 1980, these principles were adopted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and incorporated in its Guidelines for the Protection of Personal Data and Transborder Data Flows. They were adopted later in the EU Data Protection Directive of 1995, with modifications. The Fair Information Practices include notice, choice, access, onward transfer, security, data integrity, and remedy. | | Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) | 福克兰群岛(马尔维纳斯群岛) | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | fallback language | 回退语言 | Windows | Vista | The base language that appears when a string has not been localized into a partially localized language. | | fallback language | 回退语言 | Windows | Vista | The base language that appears when a string has not been localized into a partially localized language. | | false positive | 误报 | Exchange Server | | A positive test or filter result in a subject or body of data that does not possess the attribute for which the filter or test is being conducted. | | family | 家族 | Core Terminology | | A series of hardware or software products that have some properties in common, such as a series of personal computers from the same company, a series of CPU chips from the same manufacturer that all use the same instruction set, a set of 32-bit operating systems based on the same API (for example, Windows 95 and Windows 98), or a set of fonts that are intended to be used together, such as Times New Roman. | | FAQ | FAQ | Office|Windows|Language Interface Pack | | A document listing common questions and answers on a particular subject. | | Faroe Islands | 法罗群岛 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Family Safety | 家庭安全性 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A feature set in Windows Vista that allows parents and individuals to customize key aspects of their online and computing experience as they feel appropriate for their child and/or themselves, namely people they interact with and information they see. | | Faroese | 法罗语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language of Denmark spoken on the Faroe Islands. | | fast forward | 快进 | Windows Media Player for Pocket PC|Windows Media Player for Smartphone|Language Interface Pack | | To advance audio or video playback at a speed that is faster than normal. | | Fast Fusion | 快速融合 | Windows | Vista | One of the music genres that appears under Genre classification in Windows Media Player library. Based on ID3 standard tagging format for MP3 audio files. Winamp genre ID # 84. | | fast page-mode RAM | 快速页面模式 RAM | Windows | | A specially designed dynamic RAM that supports access to sequential memory locations with a reduced cycle time. | | Fast Streaming | 快速流 | Core Terminology | | A method of delivering content that combines downloading and streaming to use the available network bandwidth in the most effective manner. | | Fast User Switching | 快速用户切换 | Windows | Vista | A feature in Windows that allows you to switch to a different computer user account without closing programs and files first. | | FAT | FAT | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A file system used by MS-DOS and other Windows operating systems to organize and manage files. The file allocation table is a data structure that Windows creates when you format a volume by using FAT or FAT32 file systems. Windows stores information about each file in the file allocation table so that it can retrieve the file later. | | FAT32 | FAT32 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A derivative of the file allocation table (FAT) file system. FAT32 supports smaller cluster sizes and larger volumes than FAT, which results in more efficient space allocation on FAT32 volumes. | | fault | 错误 | Core Terminology | | A physical defect, such as a loose connection, that prevents a system or device from operating as it should. | | fault | 错误 | Core Terminology | | A programming error that can cause the software to fail. | | fault tolerance | 容错 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | The ability of computer hardware or software to ensure data integrity when hardware failures occur. Fault-tolerant features appear in many server operating systems and include mirrored volumes, RAID-5 volumes, and server clusters. | | favorite | 收藏夹 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A user-defined shortcut to a Web site accessed from the Favorites menu. | | fax | 传真 | Core Terminology | | The transmission of text or graphics over telephone lines in digitized form. | | fax account | 传真帐户 | Windows | Vista | A collection of settings for sending and receiving faxes using a particular fax modem or fax server. Before you can send or receive faxes in Windows, you must set up a fax account. | | fax modem | 传真调制解调器 | Core Terminology | | A modem that sends (and possibly receives) data encoded in a fax format (typically CCITT fax format), which a fax machine or another modem decodes and converts to an image. The image must already have been encoded on the host computer. Text and graphic documents can be converted into fax format by special software usually provided with the modem; paper documents must first be scanned in. Fax modems may be internal or external and may combine fax and conventional modem capabilities. | | fax server | 传真服务器 | Windows | Vista | A network server that receives incoming faxes and sends them directly to the intended recipient. A fax server can also accept outgoing faxes from the network and transmit them to their intended recipients. | | Fax service | 传真服务 | Windows | XP | A system service that provides fax services to local and remote network clients. Fax services include receiving faxes and faxing documents, fax wizard messages, and e-mail messages. | | FCC | FCC | Core Terminology | | The U.S. agency created by the Communications Act of 1934, which regulates interstate and international wire, radio, and other broadcast transmissions, including telephone, telegraph, and telecommunications. | | feature | 功能 | Visual Studio Team System | | A set of logically related functional requirements that provides a capability to the user and enables the satisfaction of a business objective. | | FCB | FCB | Windows | | A small block of memory temporarily assigned by a computer's operating system to hold information about a file that has been opened for use. | | feature dissatisfaction | 功能不达标 | Visual Studio Team System | | A condition where users believe that a feature does not meet the expectations set by the market, competitors, previous experiences, or promises. | | feature pack | 功能包 | Core Terminology | | A new feature release, usually rolled into the product at the next release. | | Federal Communications Commission | 美国联邦通信委员会 | Core Terminology | | The U.S. agency created by the Communications Act of 1934, which regulates interstate and international wire, radio, and other broadcast transmissions, including telephone, telegraph, and telecommunications. | | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia | 埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Federal Republic of Germany | 德意志联邦共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Federal Republic of Nigeria | 尼日利亚联邦共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | federated | 联盟的 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A term that describes contacts that are external to the user's organization or enterprise. | | federated contact | 联盟联系人 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A contact that is not part of the user's enterprise. | | federated database servers | 联合数据库服务器 | SQL Server | Yukon | A set of linked servers that shares the processing load of data by hosting partitions of a distributed partitioned view. | | Federated States of Micronesia | 密克罗尼西亚联邦 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | federation | 联盟 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A pair of realms or domains that have established a federation trust. | | Federation of Malaysia | 马来西亚联邦 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis | 圣基茨和尼维斯联邦 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Federation Service | 联合身份验证服务 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A security token service built on Microsoft® Windows Server™ 2003. The Federation Service provides tokens in response to requests for security tokens. | | Federation Service Proxy | 联合身份验证服务代理 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A proxy to the Federation Service in the perimeter network (also known as demilitarized zone (DMZ) and screened subnet). The Federation Service Proxy uses WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile (WS-F PRP) protocols to collect user credential information from browser clients and Web applications and send the information to the Federation Service on their behalf. | | Federative Republic of Brazil | 巴西联邦共和国 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | feed | 提要 | Windows|SharePoint Team Services|Office|
MSN|Language Interface Pack | Vista, 12 | Summary content with web links to a more complete version delivered in a standard XML format. The more common examples are weblogs and news web sites. | | Feed Discovery | 提要发现 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A feature of Internet Explorer in Windows Vista that finds XML feeds on a webpage. User can view the feeds and subscribe to them. | | Feedback | 反馈 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | An item on the Help menu that opens an Internet site where the user can provide feedback to Microsoft about Communicator. | | FEP | FEP | Core Terminology | | In communications, a computer that is located between communications lines and a main (host) computer and used to relieve the host of tasks related to communications; sometimes considered synonymous with communications controller. A front-end processor is dedicated entirely to handling transmitted information, including error detection and control; receipt, transmission, and possibly encoding of messages; and management of the lines running to and from other devices. | | Fibre Channel | 光纤通道 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A networking standard developed to connect devices that require the transmission of large volumes of data at a very high speed. A leading implementation of Fibre Channel technology has been in storage area networks (SANs). Although the term Fibre Channel implies the use of fiber-optic technology, copper coaxial cable is also supported. | | fidelity | 保真 | PhotoDraw | XP | The accuracy with which an image is reproduced on your personal computer. | | fidelity | 保真度 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | The degree of precision and exactness with which one entity represents another. | | field | 字段 | Office|InfoPath | 2003, 12 | An area in a window or record that stores a single data value. | | field code | 域代码 | Office | XP | Placeholder text that shows where specified information from your data source will appear; the elements in a field that generate a field's result. The field code includes the field characters, field type, and instructions. | | field data types | 字段数据类型 | Office|Access | XP | A characteristic of a field that determines what kind of data it can store. For example, a field whose data type is Text can store data consisting of either text or number characters, but a Number field can only store numerical data. | | field list | 字段列表 | Office|Access | XP | A window that lists all the fields in the underlying record source or database object, except in data access page Design view. In data access page Design view, it lists all the record sources and their fields in the underlying database. | | field name | 域名 | Office|Word | XP | The name of a category of information in a mail-merge data source. For example, "City," "State," and "PostalCode" are commonly used field names in an address list. | | field results | 域结果 | Office|Word | XP | Text or graphics inserted in a document when Microsoft Word carries out a field's instructions. When you print the document or hide field codes, the field results replace the field codes. | | field selector | 字段选定器 | Office|Access | XP | A small box or bar that you click to select an entire column in a datasheet. | | field type | 域类型 | Office|Word | XP | The name that identifies the action or effect the field has in the document. Examples of field types are AUTHOR, COMMENTS, and DATE. | | field value | 域值 | FrontPage | XP | The contents of a database field displayed inside a database results region, as shown in a Web browser. | | FIFO | FIFO | Windows | | A method for processing a queue in which items in the queue are removed in the same order in which they were added. | | Fiji Islands | 斐济群岛 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | file | 文件 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | XP | A collection of data or information. Almost all information stored in a computer must be in a file. There are many different types of files: data files, text files, program files, music files, and so on. Different types of files store different types of information. For example, program files store programs, whereas text files store text. | | File | 文件 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | The name of a menu in a conversation window from which the user can save the text of the current conversation, open received files, or close the conversation window. | | file adapter | 文件适配器 | BizTalk Server | | An adapter that can read messages from the file system and submit them to the server, as well as write messages from the server to a file on the file system. | | File Agent | 文件代理 | Data Protection Manager | | Software, installed on a file server, that records changes to protected data in a synchronization log, and transfers the log from the file server to the DPM server. | | file allocation table | 文件分配表 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A file system used by MS-DOS and other Windows operating systems to organize and manage files. The file allocation table is a data structure that Windows creates when you format a volume by using FAT or FAT32 file systems. Windows stores information about each file in the file allocation table so that it can retrieve the file later. | | file backup | 文件备份 | SQL Server | Yukon | A backup of all the data in one or more files or filegroups. | | file control block | 文件控制块 | Windows | | A small block of memory temporarily assigned by a computer's operating system to hold information about a file that has been opened for use. | | file copy | 文件复制 | Windows | Longhorn, WinClient, XP, Vista | The first of the three stages of Setup, where the Windows program files and any additional files specified are copied to the computer's hard disk. | | file differential backup | 文件差异备份 | SQL Server | Yukon | A backup of one or more files containing only changes made to each file since its most recent file backup. A file differential backup requires a full file backup as a base. | | file DSN | 文件 DSN | FrontPage | XP | file Data Source Names. File-based data sources shared among all users with the same drivers installed. These data sources are not dedicated to a user or local to a computer. | | file format | 文件格式 | Windows Media Player|Windows|Windows Media Player for Pocket PC|Windows Media Player for Smartphone|
Office|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, Vista | The structure or organization of data in a file. File format is usually indicated by the file name extension. | | file group | 文件组 | Visual Studio|Windows Server 2003 | Whidbey, R2 | A File Server Resource Manager option that is used to define a namespace for a file screen, file screen exception, or storage report. It consists of a set of file name patterns, which in turn determine whether files are included or excluded from a group. | | File menu | “文件”菜单 | Windows Server 2003|Office|Language Interface Pack|Outlook with Business Contact Manager Update | R2 | A common drop-down menu that includes commands for file operations, such as Open, Save, and Print. | | file name extension | 文件扩展名 | Windows Media Player|Windows|Language Interface Pack|Office | Longhorn, Polaris, XP, Vista | A set of characters added to the end of a file name that identifies the file type or format. | | file property | 文件属性 | Office|Word | XP | A detail about a file that helps identify it, such as a descriptive title, the author name, the subject, or a keyword that identifies topics or other important information in the file. | | file replication service | 文件复制服务 | Office|Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A service that provides multimaster file replication for designated directory trees between designated servers running Windows Server 2003. The designated directory trees must be on disk partitions formatted with the version of NTFS used with the Windows Server 2003 family. FRS is used by Distributed File System (DFS) to automatically synchronize content between assigned replicas and by Active Directory to automatically synchronize content of the system volume information across domain controllers. | | file restore | 文件还原 | SQL Server | Yukon | An operation that restores one or more files of a database. | | file screen | 文件屏蔽 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A File Server Resource Manager option that is used to block certain files from being saved on a volume or in a folder tree. A file screen is applied at the folder level and affects all folders and subfolders in the designated path. | | File Screening Audit | 文件屏蔽审核 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A storage report that lists file screening audit events on the server for a specified period. Use this report to identify users or applications that violate screening policies. | | file server | 文件服务器 | Core Terminology | | A file-storage device on a local area network that is accessible to users on the network. A file server not only stores files but manages them and maintains order as network users request files and make changes to them. | | File Server for Macintosh | 用于 Macintosh 的文件服务器 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A service that allows users of Macintosh computers to store, access, and share files on servers running Services for Macintosh. | | file screen exception | 文件屏蔽例外 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A file screen that overrides any file screening that would otherwise apply to a folder, and all its subfolders, in a designated exception path. That is, it creates an exception to any rules derived from a parent folder. | | File Server Resource Manager | 文件服务器资源管理器 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A suite of tools that allows administrators to understand, control, and manage the quantity and type of data stored on their servers. | | file sharing program | 文件共享程序 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A program used to distribute and download files, often as part of a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. | | file system | 文件系统 | Windows|Windows Media Player for Pocket PC|Windows Media Player for Smartphone | Longhorn, XP, Vista | In an operating system, the overall structure in which files are named, stored, and organized. NTFS, FAT, and FAT32 are types of file systems. | | file system cache | 文件系统缓存 | Windows | | An area of physical memory that holds frequently used pages. It allows applications and services to locate pages rapidly and reduces disk activity. | | file to exclude | 要排除的文件 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A file that is not included in the file group. | | file to include | 要包括的文件 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A file that is included in the file group. | | File Transfer Protocol | 文件传输协议 | Windows|Office|
Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, XP, Vista | A member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols, used to copy files between two computers on the Internet. Both computers must support their respective FTP roles: one must be an FTP client and the other an FTP server. | | file type | 文件类型 | Windows Media Player|Windows|
Office|Language Interface Pack | Longhorn, Polaris, XP, Vista | A description of the content or format of a file. File type is usually indicated by the file name extension. | | Files by File Group | 按文件组的文件报告 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | A storage report that lists files that belong to specified file groups. Use this report to identify file group usage patterns and to identify file groups that occupy large amounts of disk space. This can help you determine which file screens to configure | | Filipino | 菲律宾语 | Boilerplate term|Office | 12 | Name of language spoken in the Philippines. | | fill handle | 填充句柄 | Office|Excel | XP | The small black square in the lower-right corner of the selection. When you point to the fill handle, the pointer changes to a black cross. | | Film Age, Old | 旧胶片，旧 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Film Age, Older | 旧胶片，较旧 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Film Age, Oldest | 旧胶片，最旧 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | Film Grain | 胶片颗粒 | Windows|Windows Movie Maker|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A filter effect in Windows Movie Maker. | | filter | 筛选 | Windows|Outlook Express|InfoPath|Office|
Outlook|Microsoft Business Solutions-Axapta|Windows Mail|Language Interface Pack|MSN|Outlook with Business Contact Manager Update | Longhorn; 2003, 12; 4.0, Vista | A set of conditions and associated actions that may be applied to certain tasks. For example, an e-mail rule might stipulate that all messages from a particular sender be placed into a specific folder. | | filter | 筛选器 | Microsoft Business Solutions CRM|Microsoft Business Solutions-Axapta|Office|Access | 3.0 ; 4.0; 2003, 12 | A pattern or mask through which data is passed to separate specified items. | | Filter By Form | 按窗体筛选 | Office|Access|
Language Interface Pack | XP, 2003 | A technique for filtering data that uses a version of the current form or datasheet with empty fields in which you can type the values you want the filtered records to contain. | | Filter By Selection | 按选定内容筛选 | Office|Access|
Language Interface Pack | XP, 2003 | A technique for filtering records in a form, datasheet, or data access page in which you retrieve only records that contain the selected value. | | Filter Excluding Selection | 按选定内容排出筛选 | Office|Access|
Language Interface Pack | XP, 2003 | A technique in which you filter records in a form, datasheet, or data access page to retrieve only those records that don't contain the selected value. | | Filter For Input | 输入筛选目标 | Office|Access | XP | A technique for filtering records that uses a value or expression you enter to find only records that contain the value or satisfy the expression. | | FilterKeys | 筛选键 | Windows | XP | A Windows keyboard feature that instructs your keyboard to ignore brief or repeated keystrokes. You can also adjust the keyboard repeat rate, which is the rate at which a key repeats when you hold it down. | | Find | 查找 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | A field in the main Communicator window where a user can search for a person by name or e-mail address. Communicator searches the corporate address book. | | Find Message view | 查找消息视图 | BizTalk Server | | A reporting view that enables users to find messages based on tracked message properties. | | fine tuning setting | 微调设置 | PhotoDraw | XP | A setting that shifts all inserted images by the same amount to align them properly on a full sheet of labels or stickers. | | finger | 接头程序 | Core Terminology | | To obtain information on a user by means of the finger program. | | finger | （用接头程序）获取（信息） | Core Terminology | | An Internet utility, originally limited to UNIX but now available on many other platforms, that enables a user to obtain information on other users who may be at other sites (if those sites permit access by finger). Given an e-mail address, finger returns the user's full name, an indication of whether or not the user is currently logged on, and any other information the user has chosen to supply as a profile. Given a first or last name, finger returns the logon names of users whose first or last names match. | | Finland | 芬兰 | Boilerplate term | | Name of country/region. | | Finnish | 芬兰语 | Boilerplate term | | Name of language spoken in Finland. | | firewall traversal | 防火墙穿越 | Windows | Vista | A technology that provides secure pathways through a firewall and enables multiple data streams to pass thru the firewall on the same port (e.g., audio and video data on the same port). | | firewall | 防火墙 | Outlook with Business Contact Manager Update|Windows Media Player|Windows|
Microsoft Business Solutions CRM | Longhorn, Polaris, XP; 3.0, Vista | A security solution that segregates one portion of a network from another portion, allowing only authorized network traffic to pass through according to traffic filtering rules. | | firmware | 固件 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | Software routines and low-level input/output instructions stored in read-only memory (ROM). Unlike random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory stays intact even in the absence of electrical power. | | first in, first out | 先进先出 | Windows | | A method for processing a queue in which items in the queue are removed in the same order in which they were added. | | First name | 名 | Microsoft Office Communicator | | In the Add a Contact Wizard, this is one of the fields by which you can search for a contact. | | first-run experience | 初次运行体验 | Windows | Longhorn, XP, Vista | The software that the end user sees the first time they start a new computer. | | fixed document | 固定文档 | Windows Presentation Foundation | | A document format that displays a page exactly as the author intended, independent of the viewer's screen size or window size, dots per inch (dpi), available fonts, or any other system-specific settings. The page renders the same on any compatible device, ensuring a consistent experience for all users. | | fixed file location | 绝对文件位置 | Office | XP | The full or absolute address of a file - for example, www.microsoft.com/location/sublocation/filename.htm. | | fixed markup | 固定标记 | Commerce Server | | The exact amount added to the list price to arrive at a custom price. | | fixed positioning | 固定位置 | Office|Access|Language Interface Pack | XP | Places the element relative to either the element's parent or, if there isn't one, the body. Values for the element's Left and Top properties are relative to the upper-left corner of the element's parent. | | fixed value | 固定值 | Business Scorecard Manager | 2005 | A user-entered value (manually entered value), as opposed to a value that is retrieved from a data source. | | fixed-width text file | 定宽文本文件 | Office|Access | XP | A file containing data, where each field has a fixed width. | | fixed-size virtual hard disk | 固定大小虚拟硬盘 | Virtual PC|Virtual Server | | A virtual hard disk with a fixed size that is determined and for which all space is allocated when the disk is created. The size of the disk does not change when data is added or deleted. | | flag | 标志 | Office|Windows|Language Interface Pack | | To associate a flag with a message or other item. | | flash | 闪存 | Core Terminology | | A type of non-volatile memory built into the unit or available as a PC Card. You can write flash memory in blocks or over the entire chip. This ability facilitates erasing or updating. | | flash memory card | 闪存卡 | Windows | Vista | A device used by many digital cameras to store pictures and video. Flash memory cards store computer information such as text, pictures, and music, and can be copied, erased, and used many times. | | flash the BIOS | 刷写 BIOS | Windows | Longhorn, Vista | To update the computer's BIOS software with a new version. | | Flashing | 闪烁 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Flashing | 闪烁 | Windows|Language Interface Pack | Vista | A title animation in Windows Movie Maker. | | Flashpix | Flashpix | Windows | Vista | A multi-resolution, tiled file format for digital images. | | Flashpix | Flashpix | Windows | Vista | A multi-resolution, tiled file format for digital images. | | flat appearance | 平面外观 | Windows Server 2003 | R2 | The recommended visual display of a control when it is nested inside another control or scrollable region. | | flat file format | 平面文件格式 | PhotoDraw | XP | An image file format in which individual objects cannot be edited. Files stored in JPEG, GIF, and BMP formats are all flat files. The PhotoDraw MIX file format is not a flat file format. | | flat namespace | 平面命名空间 | Windows | | A namespace that is unstructured and cannot be partitioned, such as the network basic input/output system (NetBIOS) namespace. In a flat namespace, every object must have a unique name. | | flat shading | 平面着色 | Core Terminology | | A method of shading. Flat shading calculates a single intensity value for the rendered polygon that is used for the surface of the entire polygon. This is also known as "constant" or "faceted" shading. | | float | 浮动 | Core Terminology | | The data type name used in some programming languages, notably C, to declare variables that can store floating-point numbers. |
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